We used to inherit it from the Latin phonemes, which, as I noted in the
commit adding the Sindarin diphthongs, sounds more like /ae/ than /ai/.
Copy the phoneme from Sindarin so that it sounds like /ai/, not /ae/.
(There is no ⟨ae⟩ diphthong in Quenya, so we don’t need a copy of that.)

I’m not aware of any statement by Tolkien to this effect, but it just
seems natural to me, and the [ŋ] is at least found in the Omikhleia
Sindarin dictionary [1] (e.g. entry tinc, [tˈiŋk]).

Based on a similar phoneme rule in ph_english.

[1]: https://www.jrrvf.com/hisweloke/sindar/index.html

For ⟨ae⟩, we used to use the Latin [[aI]] phoneme, which sounds like
/ae/. Call that phoneme [[aE]] for us and introduce a separate [[aI]]
one, which sounds more like /ai/ (since Sindarin has both, and they’re
supposed to sound different, though Appendix E of The Lord of the Rings
notes that there is nothing closely corresponding to ⟨ae⟩ in English and
that it may be pronounced like ⟨ai⟩). Furthermore, for ⟨oe⟩, just remove
the TODO – the Latin phoneme is called [[OI]] but sounds more like /oe/
than /oi/, so it’s actually just fine for our purposes. Finally, the
⟨ui⟩ diphthong is copied from Finnish, just like in Quenya.

Both are copied from the Finnish phonemes, since Finnish was a major
inspiration for Quenya. This means that the ⟨iu⟩ diphthong is a
“falling” one – according to Appendix E of The Lord of the Rings, this
is the original pronunciation, but by the Third Age (the time in which
The Lord of the Rings is set) it had become a “rising” one, so I may
change the phoneme later, not sure.

Also, inherit the Elvish phonemes from Latin, because Esperanto doesn’t
have /y/. (Quenya doesn’t need that – ⟨y⟩ is a consonant there – so
maybe I’ll separate their phonemes at some point. For now, Latin works
well enough for both as far as I can tell.)

This prepares the languages of Quenya and Sindarin, setting up their
infrastructure without declaring a lot of rules yet – just enough for
“Eä” (a Quenya word, but I can’t think of a similarly simple one for
Sindarin). Phonemes are inherited from Esperanto for now.

See discussion in #933.

See discussion in #933.

Co-authored-by: Sebastien Le Maguer <[email protected]>

The language is not supported and apparently never has been.

Switch to Portuguese /&~/ for <v>.
Use aveolar /d/ instead of dental /d[/.

The base phonemes file defines alveolar /d/ with the definition for a
dental /d[/ ????

Updates from second zip file, also add missing entry in Makefile.am

Cherokee: Adjust base pitch to be higher (seems to effect consonents).

Also removed the pause after each syllable as it no longer seems needed
with the higher base pitch.

Adjusted the tone start/stop values based on Praat pitch analysis
on the newer base pitch.