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@@ -358,6 +358,9 @@ Symbols to the left have a `vls` phonation, and to the right have `mdv` phonatio |
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| w | ɰʷ | `mdv` `vel` `ptr` `apr` | |
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| ɥ | jʷ | `mdv` `pal` `ptr` `apr` | |
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| ɧ | | `vls` `vzd` `pla` `frc` | |
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| k͡p | | `vls` `lbv` `stp` | |
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| ɡ͡b | | `mdv` `lbv` `stp` | |
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| ŋ͡m | | `mdv` `lbv` `stp` | |
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### Vowels |
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@@ -464,20 +467,21 @@ The place of articulation is described in terms of an active articulator and |
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one or more passive articulators<sup>\[<a href="#ref9">9</a>\]</sup>. The |
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possible places of articulation are: |
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| Place of Articulation | Feature | Symbol | Active | Passive | |
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|-----------------------|-----------|--------|--------|---------| |
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| bilabial | `blb` | | `lbl` | `ulp` | |
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| labiodental | `lbd` | ◌̪ | `lbl` | `utt` | |
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| dental | `dnt` | ◌̪ | `apc` | `utt` | |
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| alveolar | `alv` | | `apc` | `alf` | |
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| palato-alveolar | `pla` | | `lmn` | `alb` | |
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| retroflex | `rfx` | | `sac` | `hpl` | |
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| alveolo-palatal | `alp` | | `dsl` | `alb` | |
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| palatal | `pal` | | `dsl` | `hpl` | |
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| velar | `vel` | | `dsl` | `spl` | |
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| uvular | `uvl` | | `dsl` | `uvu` | |
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| pharyngeal | `phr` | | `rdl` | `prx` | |
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| glottal | `glt` | | `lyx` | `gts` | |
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| Place of Articulation | Feature | Symbol | Active | Lips | Passive | |
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|-----------------------|-----------|--------|--------|-------|---------| |
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| bilabial | `blb` | | `lbl` | `ulp` | | |
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| labiodental | `lbd` | ◌̪ | `lbl` | | `utt` | |
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| dental | `dnt` | ◌̪ | `apc` | | `utt` | |
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| alveolar | `alv` | | `apc` | | `alf` | |
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| palato-alveolar | `pla` | | `lmn` | | `alb` | |
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| retroflex | `rfx` | | `sac` | | `hpl` | |
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| alveolo-palatal | `alp` | | `dsl` | | `alb` | |
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| palatal | `pal` | | `dsl` | | `hpl` | |
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| velar | `vel` | | `dsl` | | `spl` | |
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| labio-velar | `lbv` | | `dsl` | `ulp` | `spl` | |
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| uvular | `uvl` | | `dsl` | | `uvu` | |
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| pharyngeal | `phr` | | `rdl` | | `prx` | |
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| glottal | `glt` | | `lyx` | | `gts` | |
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The features for these places of articulation are provided for convenience, and |
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to make it easier to describe the IPA consonants. Internally, the active and |