| provides a set of 3-letter feature abbreviations allowing a phoneme to be | provides a set of 3-letter feature abbreviations allowing a phoneme to be | ||||
| described as a sequence of features. | described as a sequence of features. | ||||
| This document describes the IPA phonemes using the features used by Kirshenbaum. | |||||
| Where Kirshenbaum does not specify a feature name, the feature name from | |||||
| Cainteoir Text-to-Speech<sup>\[<a href="#ref5">5</a>\]</sup> is used. This is | |||||
| to provide a consistent naming scheme for the extended feature set. Where there | |||||
| is still no feature available, a custom 3-letter feature name is chosen. | |||||
| The aim of the feature set described in this document is to specify the underlying | |||||
| phonetics and phonemics of the sounds being produced in a way that is consistent | |||||
| between languages and voices. While this feature set is modelled on the IPA, it | |||||
| is not meant to be able to preserve phoneme transcriptions when using a | |||||
| transcription as both the input and output phoneme sets. This document provides | |||||
| commentary on the intended usage of these features where there is ambiguity from | |||||
| the associated IPA usage between authors. | |||||
| Kirshenbaum uses features that align with the way the IPA phoneme charts are | |||||
| organised. This document uses the Kirshenbaum features as a base to work from, | |||||
| but extends them to describe the underlying phonetic processes in a way that | |||||
| is consistent between languages and voices. | |||||
| This document is grouped into two sections. The first section displays the IPA | This document is grouped into two sections. The first section displays the IPA | ||||
| charts using the feature names instead of their names, showing the IPA phoneme | charts using the feature names instead of their names, showing the IPA phoneme | ||||
| at that position in the chart. This makes it easier to look up the features for | at that position in the chart. This makes it easier to look up the features for | ||||
| a given IPA phoneme. | a given IPA phoneme. | ||||
| The second section lists the features and their associated name. This section | |||||
| does not describe what these mean. Their meaning is described in phonetics | |||||
| articles, books and Wikipedia. The Wikipedia IPA<sup>\[<a href="#ref4">4</a>\]</sup> | |||||
| article can be used as a starting point, as it links to topics and descriptions | |||||
| of the various phonemes. | |||||
| The second section lists the features and their associated name. The Wikipedia | |||||
| IPA<sup>\[<a href="#ref4">4</a>\]</sup> article can be used as a starting point | |||||
| into the various phonetic topics contained in this document. | |||||
| The diacritics and suprasegmental feature lists also show their corresponding | |||||
| IPA symbol. This is to avoid duplicating the lists in the IPA Phonemes and Feature | |||||
| sections. | |||||
| The goal of this document is not to provide a detailed guide on phonetics. | |||||
| Instead, it is designed to be a transcription guide on how to specify phonemes | |||||
| in a language or voice so that the narrow transcriptions are consistent between | |||||
| the two. | |||||
| ## IPA Phonemes | ## IPA Phonemes | ||||