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@@ -522,6 +522,7 @@ types. The possible manners of articulation are: |
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| click | `clk` | | `vlc igs orl` | |
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| ejective | `ejc` | | `vlc igs orl occ` | |
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| implosive | `imp` | ◌ʼ | `gtc igs` | |
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| vowel | `vwl` | | `pmc egs orl vow` | |
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The features for these manners of articulation are provided for convenience, |
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and to make it easier to describe the IPA consonants. Internally, the |
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@@ -530,6 +531,10 @@ distinct feature types are used. |
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For `imp` consonants, they use the features of the base phoneme except for |
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the `pmc` and `egs` features. Thus, a `nas imp` is a `gtc igs nsl occ`. |
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The `vwl` phonemes are described using vowel height and backness features, |
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while consonants (the other manners of articulation) are described using |
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place of articulation features. |
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Additionally, the manner of articulation can be refined using the following |
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features: |
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@@ -575,6 +580,7 @@ phoneme (e.g. using ↓ on pulmonic consonants). |
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| `fla` | flap | A single tap of the tongue against the secondary articulator. | |
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| `tri` | trill | A rapid vibration of the primary articulator against the secondary articulator. | |
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| `app` | approximant | The vocal tract is narrowed at the place of articulation without being turbulant. | |
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| `vow` | vowel | The phoneme is articulated as a vowel instead of a consonant. | |
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### Phonation |
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@@ -683,10 +689,6 @@ change their labialization from the default one specified by `rnd`. |
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### Vowels |
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| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name | |
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|---------|-------------|-----------------| |
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| `vwl` | `vwl` | vowel | |
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#### Height |
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| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name | |