phoneme S  // this is letter š
  vls pla frc sibilant
  vowelin  f1=0  f2=2100 100 300  f3=-100 80
  vowelout f1=0  f2=2100 100 300  f3=-100 80
  length 30
  lengthmod 3
  wave ufric/sh3%110
  before _ ufric/sh3%90
  switchvoicing Z
endphoneme

phoneme tS  // this is letter č
  vls pla afr sibilant
  vowelin f1=0  f2=1900 100 200  f3=-100 80
  length 90
  lengthmod 2
  wave ustop/tsh2%50
  before _ ustop/tsh2%40
  switchvoicing dZ
endphoneme

phoneme tS;  // this is letter ć
  vls pal afr sibilant palatal
  vowelin f1=0  f2=2500 300 500  f3=300 80 rate len=70
  lengthmod 2
  wave ustop/ts_pzd3%50
  before _ ustop/ts_pzd3%50
  switchvoicing dZ;
endphoneme


phoneme Z    // letter ž
  vcd pla frc sibilant
  vowelin  f1=0  f2=2000 0 300  f3=-200 80
  vowelout f1=2  f2=2000 0 300  f3=-200 80 brk
  formants voc/zh+ufric/sh3%150
  before _ voc/zh_+ufric/sh3%80
  lengthmod 6
  switchvoicing S
endphoneme

phoneme dZ    //letter dž
  vcd pla afr sibilant
  vowelin f1=2  f2=1900 100 300  f3=100 80
  vowelout f1=2  f2=1900 100 300  f3=100 80 brk
  formants dzh/dzh2+ustop/tsh2%80
  before _ dzh/dzh_+ustop/tsh2%50
  after _ NULL
  after @ dzh/xdzh
  lengthmod 5
  switchvoicing tS
endphoneme

phoneme dZ;    // letter đ
  vcd pla afr sibilant palatal
  vowelin f1=2  f2=2500 300 500  f3=300 80 rate len=70
  formants dzh/dzh2+ustop/ts_pzd3%80
  before _ dzh/dzh_+ustop/ts_pzd3%50
  after _ NULL
  after @ dzh/xdzh
  lengthmod 5
  switchvoicing tS;
endphoneme






phoneme @    //  Schwa
  vowel   starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vowel/@_hgh
  length 140
endphoneme

phoneme @2    //  Schwa (raised)
  vowel   starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vowel/@_fnt
  length 140
endphoneme


phoneme a
  vowel starttype (a) endtype (a)
  length 160
  formants vowel/a
  reduceto &  4
endphoneme


phoneme A          // 'a' before 'r', doesn't reduce to [&]
  vowel starttype (a) endtype (a)
  length 160
  formants vowel/a
endphoneme


phoneme &
  vowel starttype (a) endtype (a)
  length 140
  formants vowel/a#_2
endphoneme


phoneme E
  vowel starttype (e) endtype (e)
  length 140
  formants vowel/e_mid
endphoneme


phoneme e
  vowel starttype (e) endtype (e)
  length 140
  formants vowel/e
endphoneme


phoneme i
  vowel starttype (i) endtype (i)
  length 120
  formants vowel/i_6
  linkout ;
  reduceto I  4
endphoneme


phoneme I
  vowel starttype (i) endtype (i)
  length 120
  formants vowel/ii_3
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme o
  vowel starttype (o) endtype (o)
  length 140
  formants vowel/oo_1
endphoneme


phoneme u
  vowel starttype (u) endtype (u)
  length 140
  formants vowel/u_bck
  reduceto U  4
endphoneme


phoneme U
  vowel starttype (u) endtype (u)
  length 140
  formants vowel/u_2
endphoneme


phoneme aI
  vowel starttype (a) endtype (i)
  length 250
  formants vdiph/ai
endphoneme




phoneme t        // dental variant of /t/
  vls dnt stop
  vowelin f1=0  f2=1600 -300 300  f3=-100 80
  vowelout f1=0 f2=1600 -300 250  f3=-100 80  rms=20
  lengthmod 2
  wave  ustop/t_dnt%50
  before _ ustop/t_dnt%35
  switchvoicing d
endphoneme


phoneme d
  vcd alv stop
  vowelin f1=2  f2=1700 -300 300  f3=-100 80 amp=16
  vowelout f1=2 f2=1700 -300 300  f3=-100 80
  formants d/d+x/d%50
  before _ d/d_+x/d_
  before r d/dr+x/d%50
  after _ NULL
  after @ d/xd
  lengthmod 5
  switchvoicing t
endphoneme



phoneme x
  vls vel frc
  vowelin f1=0  f2=2300 200 400  f3=-100 80
  vowelout f1=0 f2=2300 300 400  f3=-100 80  rms=20
  length 100
  lengthmod 3
  wave ufric/x_hr%45
  switchvoicing Q
endphoneme

phoneme r-
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  length 240
  formants vowelr/r-voc
endphoneme

phoneme R
  liquid
  vowelin  f1=0  f2=1600 -300 300  f3=-200 80
  vowelout f1=2  f2=1600 -300 300  f3=-200 80 brk
  formants r3/r_trill2+r3/r_trill2.wav%65
  trill
  lengthmod 6
endphoneme

phoneme r*
  vowel nonsyllabic
  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vowel/@-
  unstressed
  appendph *
  length 50
endphoneme