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# Intonation |
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# Table of contents |
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- [Clauses](#clauses) |
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- [Tune Definitions](#tune-definitions) |
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- [tune](#tune) |
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- [endtune](#endtune) |
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- [prehead](#prehead) |
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- [headenv](#headenv) |
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- [height](#height) |
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- [head](#head) |
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- [headextend](#headextend) |
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- [nucleus](#nucleus) |
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- [nucleus0](#nucleus0) |
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- [onset](#onset) |
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- [headlast](#headlast) |
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---------- |
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In eSpeak NG's standard intonation model, a "tune" is applied to each |
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In eSpeak NG (eSpeak) standard intonation model, a "tune" is applied to each |
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clause depending on its punctuation. Other intonation models may be used |
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for some languages, such as tone languages. |
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Named tunes are defined in the text file `phsource/intonation`. This file |
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must be compiled for use by eSpeak NG by using: |
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must be compiled for use by eSpeak by using: |
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espeak-ng --compile-intonations |
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@@ -41,23 +45,10 @@ in: |
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A clause consists of the following parts: |
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Pre-head |
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These are any unstressed syllables before the first stressed syllable. |
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Head |
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This is the part from the first stressed syllable up to the last syllable |
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before the nucleus. |
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Nucleus |
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This is stressed syllable which is the focus of the clause. eSpeak chooses |
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the last stressed syllable of the clause. |
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Tail |
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These are the syllables after the nucleus. |
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1. __Pre-head__ are any unstressed syllables before the first stressed syllable. |
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1. __Head__ is the part from the first stressed syllable up to the last syllable before the nucleus. |
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1. __Nucleus__ is stressed syllable which is the focus of the clause. eSpeak chooses the last stressed syllable of the clause. |
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1. __Tail__ are the syllables after the nucleus. |
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## Tune Definitions |
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@@ -74,31 +65,22 @@ Here is an example tune definition from the file `phsource/intonation`: |
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### tune |
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tune <tune name> |
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Starts the definition of a tune. The `tune name` can be used in a `tunes` |
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statements in voice files. |
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`tune <tune name>` Starts the definition of a tune. The `tune name` can be used in a `tunes` statements in voice files. |
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### endtune |
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endtune <tune name> |
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Ends the definition of a tune. |
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`endtune <tune name>` Ends the definition of a tune. |
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### prehead |
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prehead <start pitch> <end pitch> |
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Gives the pitch path for any series of unstressed syllables before the first |
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stressed syllable. |
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`prehead <start pitch> <end pitch>` Gives the pitch path for any series of unstressed |
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syllables before the first stressed syllable. |
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### headenv |
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headenv <envelope> <height> |
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`headenv <envelope> <height>` Gives the pitch envelope which is used for stressed syllables in the head (before the nucleus), including `onset` and `headlast` syllables if these are specified. |
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Gives the pitch envelope which is used for stressed syllables in the head |
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(before the nucleus), including `onset` and `headlast` syllables if these |
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are specified. |
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###height |
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`height` gives a pitch range for the envelope. |
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