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docs: describe the Scottish English lexical sets in en.md.

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Reece H. Dunn 7 years ago
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The English language support uses a vowel system based on John Wells' Lexical
Sets<sup>\[<a href="#ref1">1</a>\]</sup>. These were created by Wells in 1982
by comparing the Received Pronunciation British (RP) and General American
(GenAm) accents in use at that time.

The `en` transcriptions listed below are the phonemes used by eSpeak NG to
transcribe the different lexical sets.
(GenAm) accents in use at that time. The following accents are supported by
eSpeak NG and are referenced in this document:

| BCP47 | Abbreviation | Accent Name |
|----------------|--------------|------------------------|
| en | | British English |
| en-029 | | Caribbean |
| en-GB-scotland | ScE | Scottish English |
| en-GB-x-gbclan | | Lancastrian |
| en-GB-x-gbcwmd | | West Midlands |
| en-GB-x-rp | RP | Received Pronunciation |
| en-US | GenAm | General American |

The BCP47 name is the standard language identifier for the accent, used as the
espeak language name. The Abbreviation is used in the lexical set tables below
for the IPA transcriptions of that accent, and the BCP47 names are used for the
eSpeak NG phoneme names.

## Short Vowels

@@ -56,6 +69,14 @@ when considering the root form of the word containing that vowel.
__NOTE:__ `/i@3/` is used for the NEAR lexical set to differentiate it from
`/i@/` used in words like `million`.

Additionally, espeak-ng has the following phonemes for different accents:

| Lexical Set | en | en-GB-scotland | RP | ScE |
|-------------|-------|----------------|-------|-------|
| NURSE | `3:` | `VR` | ɜː | ʌɾ |
| TERM | `3:` | `3:` | ɜː | ɛɾ |
| BIRD | `3:` | `IR` | ɜː | ɪɾ |

## Reduced Vowels

These are unstressed vowels that differ from the vowels in the main lexical sets.
@@ -111,3 +132,7 @@ merged with the other.
1. <a name="ref1"></a> Wikipedia.
[Lexical set](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexical_set). 2017.
Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA).

2. <a name="ref2"></a> Wikipedia.
[IPA chart for English dialects](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart_for_English_dialects).
2018. Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA).

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