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docs/phonemes.md: group the features according to the IPA chart.

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# Phonemes # Phonemes


- [Phoneme Type](#phoneme-type)
- [Consonants (Pulmonic)](#consonants-pulmonic) - [Consonants (Pulmonic)](#consonants-pulmonic)
- [Voicing](#voicing) - [Voicing](#voicing)
- [Place of Articulation](#place-of-articulation) - [Place of Articulation](#place-of-articulation)
- [Manner of Articulation](#manner-of-articulation) - [Manner of Articulation](#manner-of-articulation)
- [Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)](#consonants-non-pulmonic) - [Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)](#consonants-non-pulmonic)
- [Other Symbols](#other-symbols)
- [Vowels](#vowels) - [Vowels](#vowels)
- [Height](#height) - [Height](#height)
- [Backness](#backness) - [Backness](#backness)
- [Rounding](#rounding) - [Rounding](#rounding)
- [Additional Features](#additional-features)
- [Diacritics](#diacritics)
- [Suprasegmentals](#suprasegmentals)
- [Unused](#unused) - [Unused](#unused)
- [References](#references) - [References](#references)




This document describes the features used by Kirshenbaum. This document describes the features used by Kirshenbaum.


## Phoneme Type

| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name |
|---------|-------------|-----------------|
| `vwl` | `vwl` | vowel |

## Consonants (Pulmonic) ## Consonants (Pulmonic)


### Voicing ### Voicing
| `lbd` | `lbd` | labio-dental | | `lbd` | `lbd` | labio-dental |
| `dnt` | `dnt` | dental | | `dnt` | `dnt` | dental |
| `alv` | `alv` | alveolar | | `alv` | `alv` | alveolar |
| `pla` | `pla` | post-alveolar (palato-alveolar) |
| `rfx` | `rfx` | retroflex | | `rfx` | `rfx` | retroflex |
| `pla` | `pla` | palato-alveolar |
| `pal` | `pal` | palatal | | `pal` | `pal` | palatal |
| `vel` | `vel` | velar | | `vel` | `vel` | velar |
| `lbv` | `lbv` | labio-velar |
| `uvl` | `uvl` | uvular | | `uvl` | `uvl` | uvular |
| `phr` | `phr` | pharyngeal | | `phr` | `phr` | pharyngeal |
| `glt` | `glt` | glottal | | `glt` | `glt` | glottal |


| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name | | Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name |
|---------|-------------|-----------------| |---------|-------------|-----------------|
| `stp` | `stp` | stop |
| `frc` | `frc` | fricative |
| `pls` | `stp` | plosive (stop) |
| `nas` | `nas` | nasal | | `nas` | `nas` | nasal |
| `apr` | `apr` | approximant |
| `lat` | `lat` | lateral |
| `trl` | `trl` | trill | | `trl` | `trl` | trill |
| `flp` | `flp` | tap/flap | | `flp` | `flp` | tap/flap |
| `frc` | `frc` | fricative |
| `apr` | `apr` | approximant |
| `lat` | `lat` | lateral |


## Consonants (Non-Pulmonic) ## Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)


| `ejc` | `ejc` | ejective | | `ejc` | `ejc` | ejective |
| `imp` | `imp` | implosive | | `imp` | `imp` | implosive |


## Other Symbols

| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name |
|---------|-------------|-----------------|
| `lbv` | `lbv` | labial-velar |

## Vowels ## Vowels


| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name |
|---------|-------------|-----------------|
| `vwl` | `vwl` | vowel |

### Height ### Height


| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name | | Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name |
| `unr` | `unr` | unrounded | | `unr` | `unr` | unrounded |
| `rnd` | `rnd` | rounded | | `rnd` | `rnd` | rounded |


## Additional Features
## Diacritics


| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name | | Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name |
|---------|-------------|-----------------| |---------|-------------|-----------------|
| `unx` | `unx` | unexploded | | `unx` | `unx` | unexploded |
| `syl` | `syl` | syllabic | | `syl` | `syl` | syllabic |
| `mrm` | `mrm` | murmured | | `mrm` | `mrm` | murmured |
| `lng` | `lng` | long |
| `vzd` | `vzd` | velarized | | `vzd` | `vzd` | velarized |
| `lzd` | `lzd` | labialized | | `lzd` | `lzd` | labialized |
| `pzd` | `pzd` | palatalized | | `pzd` | `pzd` | palatalized |
| `nzd` | `nzd` | nasalized | | `nzd` | `nzd` | nasalized |
| `fzd` | `fzd` | pharyngealized | | `fzd` | `fzd` | pharyngealized |


## Suprasegmentals

| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name |
|---------|-------------|-----------------|
| `lng` | `lng` | long |

## Unused ## Unused


These are feature abbreviations specified by Evan Kirshenbaum in Appendix A of These are feature abbreviations specified by Evan Kirshenbaum in Appendix A of


2. <a name="ref2"></a> Kirshenbaum, Evan, 2. <a name="ref2"></a> Kirshenbaum, Evan,
[http://www.kirshenbaum.net/IPA/ascii-ipa.pdf](Representing IPA phonetics in ASCII) (PDF). 2001. [http://www.kirshenbaum.net/IPA/ascii-ipa.pdf](Representing IPA phonetics in ASCII) (PDF). 2001.

3. <a name="ref3"></a> International Phonetic Association,
[https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/content/ipa-chart](The International Phonetic Alphabet and the IPA Chart). 2015. Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA).

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