HomoFast-eSpeak-Persian/phsource/ph_english

phoneme k
  vls vel stop
  vowelin f1=0  f2=2300 200 400  f3=-100 80
  vowelout f1=0 f2=2300 300 400  f3=-100 80  rms=20
  lengthmod 2
  wave ustop/k
  before _ ustop/k_
  before r ustop/kr
  before l ustop/kl
  before i: ustop/ki
  before i@ ustop/ki
endphoneme

phoneme t2   // [t] which doesn't reduce
  vls alv stop
  vowelin f1=0  f2=1700 -300 300  f3=-100 80
  vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 250  f3=-100 80  rms=20
  lengthmod 2
  wave  ustop/t%90
  before _ ustop/t_
  before @- ustop/t_dnt%50
  before r ustop/tr
  before R ustop/tr
  switchvoicing d
endphoneme


phoneme t#    // reduced [t] as in "city"
  vcd alv stop
  vowelin f1=1  f2=1700 -300 300  f3=-100 80
  vowelout f1=2 f2=1700 -300 300  f3=-100 80
  formants d/tap2+x/d%70
  after @ d/x_tap
  lengthmod 5
endphoneme


phoneme l
  liquid
  length 100
  lengthmod 7
  beforenotvowel l/2       // use 'dark' [l] after a vowel
  formants l/l
  after _ l/_l  t l/tl
endphoneme



//*******************************************************************
// VOWELS
//*******************************************************************


phoneme @    //  Schwa
  vowel   starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vowel/@
  unstressed
  linkout r-
  length 140
endphoneme


phoneme 3    //  Schwa, used for rhotic schwa in American
  vowel   starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vowel/@
  unstressed
  linkout r-
  beforevowel @
  length 140
endphoneme


phoneme @2   //  Schwa, changes to I before a vowel
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vowel/@
  unstressed
  beforevowel I2
  length 120
endphoneme

phoneme @5   //  Schwa, changes to U before a vowel
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vowel/@
  unstressed
  beforevowelpause U
  length 140
endphoneme


phoneme @L
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype l
  length 160
  formants vwl_en/@L
  unstressed
  before _ vwl_en/@L
endphoneme


phoneme a
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (a)
  length 150
//  formants vowel/a_en
  formants vowel/a
  reduceto a2  0
endphoneme


phoneme a2
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (a)
  unstressed
  length 150
  formants vowel/a#_3
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme aa   //   'bath' etc.
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (a)
  length 150
//  formants vowel/a_en
  formants vowel/a
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme E
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (e)
  length 140
  formants vowel/ee_5
  reduceto I  0
endphoneme


phoneme I
  vowel  starttype (i) endtype (i)
  length 130
  formants vowel/ii_2
  linkout ;
endphoneme

phoneme I2
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (i)
  unstressed
  length 130
  formants vowel/ii_4
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme i   //  optional variant of [I] for end of words
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (i)
  length 140
  formants vowel/ii_en
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme 0
  vowel  starttype (o)   endtype (o)
  length 140
  formants vowel/0
  reduceto @  0
endphoneme


phoneme V
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (@)
  length 140
  formants vowel/V_2
  reduceto @  0
endphoneme


phoneme U
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (o)
  length 150
  formants vowel/uu
endphoneme


phoneme A:
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (a)
  length 230
  formants vowel/aa_2
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme A@      // Used for [A:] when followed by 'r', becomes [A:]+[r] in American
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (a)
  length 230
  formants vowel/aa_2
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme 3:
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  length 210
  formants vowel/3_en
  reduceto @  0
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme i:
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (i)
  length 175
  formants vowel/i_en
  after w w/wi2
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme O:
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (o)
  length 230
  formants vowel/oo_en
  reduceto @  0
//  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme O@
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (@)
  length 240
  formants vowel/oo_en
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme o@
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (@)
  length 250
  formants vowel/oo_en
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme O
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (o)
  length 200
  formants vowel/oo_en
  reduceto @  0
endphoneme


phoneme u:
  vowel  starttype (u)  endtype (u)
  length 210
  formants vdiph2/uw_2
//  before l/2 vowel/u_fnt-40+l/L2_uL
  before l/2 vwl_en/u_L-40+l/L2_uL
endphoneme


phoneme aU
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (u)
  length 230
  formants vdiph/au
endphoneme


phoneme oU
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (u)
  length 220
  formants vdiph/@u_en
endphoneme


phoneme aI
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (i)
  length 230
//  formants vdiph/ai_en2
  formants vdiph/ai_2
endphoneme


phoneme eI
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (i)
  length 210
  formants vdiph/eei
endphoneme


phoneme OI
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (i)
  length 230
  formants vdiph/ooi
endphoneme


phoneme e@
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (@)
  length 230
  formants vowel/ee_1
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme i@
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (@)
  length 250
  formants vdiph2/ii@
  linkout r-
endphoneme

phoneme i@3
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (@)
  length 250
  formants vdiph2/ii@
  linkout r-
endphoneme



phoneme U@
  vowel  starttype (u)  endtype (@)
  length 200
  formants vdiph2/uu@
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme aI@
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (@)
  length 270
  formants vwl_en/aI@
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme aU@
  vowel  starttype (a)   endtype (@)
  length 270
  formants vwl_en/aU@
  linkout r-
endphoneme


// extra vowels

phoneme e:
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (e)
  length 210
  formants vowel/e
endphoneme


phoneme o:
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (o)
  length 220
  formants vowel/o
endphoneme


phoneme eU
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (u)
length 240
formants vdiph/eu
endphoneme


phoneme IR        // used for "ir" when [3:] is split (Scottish)
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  length 190
  formants vowelr/V_r
  appendph r
endphoneme

phoneme VR        // used for "or"/"ur" when [3:] is split (Scottish)
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  length 210
  formants vowelr/V3_r
  appendph r
endphoneme



phoneme A~
  vowel  starttype (a) endtype (a)
  length 260
  formants vnasal/aa_n2
endphoneme


phoneme E~
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (e)
  length 260
  formants vnasal/ee_n
endphoneme


phoneme O~
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (o)
  length 240
  formants vnasal/oo_n2
endphoneme


phoneme y:
  vowel  starttype (u)  endtype (u)
  length 220
  formants vowel/y
endphoneme


phoneme Y:
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  length 230
  formants vowel/y#
endphoneme


phoneme W
  vowel  starttype (@) endtype (@)
  length 170
  formants vowel/oe
endphoneme