123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282 |
- // SMJ translation rules
- // This file is UTF-8 encoded
-
- // _) a // "a" at the start of a word
- // a (CC // "a" followed by two consonants
- // a (C% // "a" followed by a double consonant (the same letter twice)
- // a (/% // "a" followed by a percent sign
- // %C) a // "a" preceded by a double consonants
-
- // @@) bi // "bi" preceded by at least two syllables
- // @@a) bi // "bi" preceded by at least 2 syllables and following 'a'
-
- // START SMJ HERE
-
- // groups
-
- //.L01 i j // used in palatalization rules
-
- .L01 b d g k p t // Plosives
-
- .L02 r l j v // Sonorants
-
- //.L02 b d f g h j l m n r s v
-
- //.L03 l m n r
-
- //.L04 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v õ ä ö ü
-
- //.L05 a e i l m n o r u õ ä ö ü
-
-
- // Epenthetic vowels in Q3 consonant clusters
- // r l j v followed by homorganic consonants (geminates)
- // barggo, dárbbo, tjoarvve, girjje, álggo, galbba, gålmmå, dálvve, nijbbe, bievdde
-
- // separate rules for all cons. clusters and vowel nucleai?
- // a (L02%C // possible to generalize?
- // A) rgg r@^g // Any vowel + schwaa - more general?
-
- //Orthographically homonymous Q3: f, l, m, n, nj, ń, ñ, ŋ, r, s, sj, v
- // After numeral 1 -- Q3; after any numeral <1 -- Q2?
- // akta @) ff ff:
- // Word order? -- Impossible to have a syntactic disambiguator in Espeak to recognize homonymous sg.nom & sg.gen forms...
- // OR if adjusted orthography would be used, e.g.: f'f/fff ff:
- // Vowel compensation/readjustment: V1 and V2 longest in Q1, gradually decreasing in length, but differences very small/not significant.
-
-
-
-
- .group a
- // a A
- a (@ A // back vowel
- @) a a:
- artihkal ar.t'ihkAl
- %CC) a A // short after Q3 consonant/cluster
-
- .group á
- %CC) á a // short after Q3 consonant/cluster
- á (@ A: //
- @) á a: // in 2nd syll
- C) á A: // after Q1 (single) consonant
-
- .group ä
- ä (@ &
- ä &: //
- // ä i& // in Sweden
- ä e& // in Sweden
-
- .group æ // same as ä
- æ (@ &
- æ &: //
- // æ i& // in Sweden
- æ e& // in Sweden
- %CC) æ & // short after Q3 consonant/cluster
-
- .group å
- å O
- @) å O: // in 2nd syll
- %CC) å O // short after Q3 consonant/cluster
-
- .group b
- b p
- A) b (A b // voiced in an intervocalic position
- bb b: // voiced within a geminate
- bussa p'u-s:A // Scandinavian loanword
-
- .group c
- c ts
-
- .group d
- d t
- dal dAl
- A) d (A d // voiced in an intervocalic position
- dd d:
- dj c // palatal plosive
- A) dj (A J\ // voiced palatal plosive between vowels
- A) ddj (A J\: // voiced palatal plosive between vowels
- dts dz // [d͡z]
- dtj dZ // [d͡ʒ]
-
- .group e
- e (@ E: // open-mid
- e (_ iE // open 2nd syll
- @) e iE // in 2nd syll
- e E // other environments
-
- .group f
- f f
- ff f:
- // akta @) ff (A ff: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
- .group g
- g k
- A) g (A g // voiced in an intervocalic position
- gg g:
-
- .group h
- h h
- hk hk
- hkk k: // [h] not audible in Q3 cons. cluster
- hp hp
- hpp p: // [h] not audible in Q3 cons. cluster
- ht ht
- htt t: // [h] not audible in Q3 cons. cluster
- hts hts
- htts h:ts
- htj htS
- httj ht:S
-
- .group i
- i i: // can be long as well?
- ie (@ iE
- %CC) i i // short after Q3 consonant
-
- .group j
- j j
- ja ja
- i) jbb jIb
- journalissta Sur.nal'isstA
-
- .group k
- k k
- k (á kh // Aspirated in Scandinavian loanwords, like this?
- káffa kh'A:f:A
- kásus kh'A:su-s
- kássa kh'A:S:A
- kk k:
-
- .group l
- l l // Can be a copula itself
- ll l:
- // akta @) ll (A ll: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
- á) lgg lAg // Q3
- a) lbb lab // Q3
- u) lpp lub // Q3
- á) lmm lAm // Q3
- á) lvv lAv // Q3
-
- .group m
- m m
- mm m:
- // akta @) mm (A mm: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
- .group n
- n n
- nj n_j
- nnj n_j:
- // akta @) nnj (A nn_j: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
-
- .group ñ
- ñ N
- ññ N:
- // akta @) ññ (A NN: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
- .group ń
- ń N
- ńń N:
- // akta @) ńń (A NN: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
- .group ŋ
- ŋ N
- ŋŋ N:
- // akta @) ŋŋ (A NN: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
- .group o
- o oO
- @) o uo
- oa ua //
- oa (@ oA //
-
- .group ö
- %CC) ö Y
- ö Y: //
-
- .group ø
- %CC) ø Y
- ø Y: //
-
- .group p
- p p
- p (á ph // Aspirated in Scandinavian loanwords
- pp p:
- parlamænnta par.lAm'&ntA
-
- .group r
- r r
- rd rt
- rl rl
- // rl l. // Retroflex. in Scandinavian loanwords
- rn rn
- // rn n. // Retroflex. in Scandinavian loanwords
- rt rt
- // rt t. // Retroflex. in Scandinavian loanwords
-
- a) rgg rag // Q3
- e) rgg reg // Q3
- æ) rgg r&g // Q3
- a) rvv rav // Q3
- á) rbb rAb // Q3
- i) rjj rij // Q3
- u) rŋŋ ruN // Q3
-
- rr r:
- // akta @) rr (A rr: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
- .group s
- s s
- ss s:
- // akta @) ss (A ss: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
- sj S
- ssj S: // Q2 or Q3
- // akta @) ssj (A SS: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
- .group t
- t t
- t (á th // Aspirated in Scandinavian loanwords
- t (_ ht // at the end of a word
- tt t:
- tj tS // voiceless alveo-palatal fricative in Sweden
- ts ts // voiceless alveo-palatal fricative in Sweden e.g. <subtsas>
- tts ts:
-
- .group u
- u u
- uo (@ uo
- // u u: //
- // u U- //
- // u u- // in newish Scand. loanwords like <komuvnna>
-
- // List some of most common scand. loanwords?
-
- .group v
- v v
- vv v:
- L01) v f // before a plosive
- v (_ P // in the end of a word, e.g. 1sg suffix
-
- e) vdd ved // Q3
- i) vdd vid // Q3
- å) vdd vOd // Q3
-
- // akta @) vv (A vv: // (Q3/sg.nom when with numeral 1)
-
- .group w
- w v
-
- .group x
- x ks
- xx k:s
-
- .group y
- y y
-
- .group z
- z ts
- zz t:s // pizza
- K) zh Z
-
-
|