// Short vowels phoneme A vowel starttype (o) endtype (o) length 140 formants vowel/0_3 endphoneme phoneme E vowel starttype (e) endtype (e) length 140 formants vowel/e_mid endphoneme phoneme i vowel starttype (i) endtype (i) length 140 formants vowel/i_4 linkout ; endphoneme phoneme o vowel starttype (o) endtype (o) length 130 formants vowel/o_mid endphoneme phoneme u vowel starttype (u) endtype (u) length 130 formants vowel/uu_bck endphoneme phoneme Y vowel starttype (@) endtype (@) length 130 formants vowel/y#_2 endphoneme phoneme y vowel starttype (u) endtype (u) length 130 formants vowel/yy_4 endphoneme // Long Vowels phoneme i: vowel starttype (i) endtype (i) long length 220 formants vowel/i // linkout ; endphoneme phoneme e: vowel starttype (e) endtype (e) long length 240 formants vowel/e_3 endphoneme phoneme a: vowel starttype (a) endtype (a) long length 270 formants vowel/a endphoneme phoneme o: vowel starttype (o) endtype (o) long length 260 formants vowel/o_2 endphoneme phoneme u: vowel starttype (u) endtype (u) long length 240 formants vowel/u_bck endphoneme phoneme y: vowel starttype (u) endtype (u) long length 240 formants vowel/y endphoneme phoneme Y: vowel starttype (@) endtype (@) long length 260 formants vowel/y# endphoneme // CONSONANTS //=========== phoneme ts vls alv afr sibilant vowelin f1=0 f2=1700 -300 300 f3=-100 80 vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 250 f3=-100 80 rms=20 lengthmod 2 wave ustop/ts // don't use ustop/ts_ (before non-vowel) endphoneme phoneme t // dental variant of /t/ vls dnt stop vowelin f1=0 f2=1600 -300 300 f3=-100 80 vowelout f1=0 f2=1600 -300 250 f3=-100 80 rms=20 lengthmod 2 wave ustop/t_dnt%50 before _ ustop/t_dnt%45 switchvoicing d endphoneme phoneme d // dental variant of /d/ vcd dnt stop vowelin f1=2 f2=1500 -300 300 f3=-150 80 vowelout f1=2 f2=1500 -300 300 f3=-150 80 formants d/d+x/d_dnt%110 before _ d/d_+x/d_dnt%100 before r d/dr+x/d_dnt%110 after _ NULL after @ d/xd lengthmod 5 switchvoicing t endphoneme phoneme c vls pal afr sibilant vowelin f1=0 f2=2700 400 600 f3=300 80 rate len=70 vowelout f1=0 f2=2700 400 600 f3=300 80 colr=1 lengthmod 2 wave ustop/ts_pzd2%70 before _ ustop/ts_pzd_ switchvoicing J endphoneme phoneme p // unaspirated vls blb stop vowelin f1=0 f2=1000 -50 -100 f3=-200 80 vowelout f1=0 f2=1000 -500 -350 f3=-300 80 rms=30 lengthmod 2 wave ustop/p_unasp before _ ustop/p_unasp_%80 before r ustop/pr before l ustop/pl switchvoicing b endphoneme phoneme k // unsapirated vls vel stop vowelin f1=0 f2=2300 200 400 f3=-100 80 vowelout f1=0 f2=2300 300 400 f3=-100 80 rms=20 lengthmod 2 wave ustop/k_unasp%70 // weaker before _ ustop/k_ before r ustop/kr before l ustop/kl before (i) ustop/ki switchvoicing g endphoneme phoneme s2 // second part of geminated [s:] vls alv frc sibilant vowelin f1=0 f2=1700 -300 300 f3=-100 80 vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 250 f3=-100 80 rms=20 lengthmod 3 wave ufric/s_continue before _ ufric/s_ before p ufric/s! before t ufric/s! before k ufric/s! switchvoicing z endphoneme phoneme l liquid length 100 lengthmod 7 beforenotvowel l/ formants l/l after _ l/_l after t l/tl // after l/ l/l_long // double l, make it longer endphoneme