//*******************************************************************
// VOWELS
//*******************************************************************


phoneme @    //  Schwa
  vowel   starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vowel/@
  before _ vwl_en_rp/@
  unstressed
  linkout r-
  length 140
endphoneme


phoneme 3    //  Schwa, used for rhotic schwa in American
  vowel   starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vowel/@
  before _ vwl_en_rp/@
  unstressed
  linkout r-
  beforevowel @
  length 140
endphoneme

phoneme @2   //  Schwa, changes to I before a vowel
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vwl_en_rp/@
  unstressed
  beforevowel I
  length 120
endphoneme

phoneme @5   //  Schwa, changes to U before a vowel
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  formants vwl_en_rp/@
  unstressed
  beforevowelpause U
  length 140
endphoneme


phoneme @L
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype l
  length 160
  formants vwl_en/@L
  unstressed
  before _ vwl_en/@L
endphoneme


phoneme a
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (a)
  length 170
  formants vowel/&
  reduceto a2  0
endphoneme


phoneme E
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (e)
  length 140
  formants vowel/e_mid
  reduceto I  0
endphoneme


phoneme I
  vowel  starttype (i) endtype (i)
  length 130
  formants vowel/ii_4
  linkout ;
endphoneme

phoneme i   //  optional variant of [I] for end of words
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (i)
  length 140
  formants vowel/ii_3
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme 0
  vowel  starttype (o)   endtype (o)
  length 140
  formants vowel/0_3
  reduceto @  0
endphoneme


phoneme V
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (@)
  length 140
  formants vowel/V_3
//  formants vwl_af/a
  reduceto @  0
endphoneme


phoneme U
  vowel  starttype (u)  endtype (u)
  length 150
  formants vowel/o-_3
endphoneme


phoneme I2
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (i)
  unstressed
  length 140
  formants vowel/ii_4
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme a2
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  unstressed
  length 150
  formants vowel/@
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme A:
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (a)
  length 240
  formants vwl_en_rp/aa
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme A@
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (a)
  length 240
  formants vwl_en_rp/aa
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme aa   //   'bath' etc.
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (a)
  length 190
  formants vwl_en_rp/aa
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme 3:
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  length 210
  formants vowel/3_3
  reduceto @  0
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme i:
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (i)
  length 175
  formants vowel/i
  after w w/wi2
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme O:
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (o)
  length 230
  formants vowel/oo_1
  reduceto @  0
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme O@
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (@)
  length 230
  formants vowel/oo_1
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme O
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (o)
  length 150
  formants vowel/oo_en
  reduceto @  0
endphoneme


phoneme u:
  vowel  starttype (u)  endtype (u)
  length 190
  formants vowel/u_6
  before l/2 vwl_en/u_L-40+l/L2_uL
endphoneme


phoneme aU
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (u)
  length 230
  formants vdiph/au_3
endphoneme


phoneme oU
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (u)
  length 220
  formants vdiph/@u_2
endphoneme


phoneme aI
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (i)
  length 230
  formants vdiph/ai_6
endphoneme


phoneme eI
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (i)
  length 210
  formants vdiph/eei_3
endphoneme


phoneme OI
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (i)
  length 230
  formants vdiph/ooi
endphoneme


phoneme e@
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (@)
  length 220
  formants vwl_en_rp/e@
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme i@
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (@)
  length 240
  formants vwl_en_rp/i@
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme U@
  vowel  starttype (u)  endtype (@)
  length 230
  formants vwl_en_rp/oo
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme aI@
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (@)
  length 270
  formants vwl_en/aI@
  linkout r-
endphoneme


phoneme aU@
  vowel  starttype (a)   endtype (@)
  length 270
  formants vwl_en_rp/aU@
  linkout r-
endphoneme