//****************************************************************
// VOWELS
//****************************************************************


phoneme @    //  Schwa, but always unstressed
  vowel   starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  length 140
  formants vwl_af/@
  unstressed
  before r/ vwl_af/r@+50
endphoneme


phoneme a    // short A
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (a)
  length 140
  formants vowel/V_2
endphoneme


phoneme E    // short E
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (e)
  length 140
  formants vowel/e_mid2
endphoneme

phoneme I     // short I,  Schwa
  vowel   starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  length 140
  formants vwl_af/I
  before r/ vwl_af/r@+50
endphoneme


phoneme O     // short O
  vowel  starttype (o)   endtype (o)
  length 140
  formants vowel/oo_3
endphoneme


phoneme W    //  short U
  vowel starttype (@) endtype (@)
  length 140
  formants vowel/oe
endphoneme


phoneme u    // short OE
  vowel  starttype (u)  endtype (u)
  length 140
  formants vowel/uu_3
endphoneme


phoneme &    //  more open [E]
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (e)
  length 150
  formants vowel/ee_3
  before l/2 DFT-30+l/L_eL_af
endphoneme


phoneme @L   // syllabic L
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype l
  length 160
  formants vwl_en/@L
  unstressed
  before _ vwl_en/@L
endphoneme



phoneme A:   // long A
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (a)
  length 230
  formants vowel/aa_3
endphoneme


phoneme e@    // long E
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (@)
  length 230
  formants vdiph/i@_2
endphoneme


phoneme i     // long I
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (i)
  length 130
  formants vowel/i_3
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme o@    // long O
  vowel  starttype (u)  endtype (@)
  length 250
  formants vdiph2/o@
endphoneme


phoneme y     // long U
  vowel starttype (i)  endtype (i)
  length 180
  formants vowel/y_3
endphoneme


phoneme iu
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (u)
  length 220
  formants vdiph2/iu_3
endphoneme


phoneme @U
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (u)
  length 220
  formants vdiph/Vu
endphoneme


phoneme aI
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (i)
  length 220
  formants vdiph/ai_4
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme AI
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (i)
  length 310
  formants vdiph/aai_2
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme eI
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (i)
  length 170
  formants vdiph/@i_2
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme OI
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (i)
  length 230
  formants vdiph/ooi_2
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme oI
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (i)
  length 290
  formants vdiph/oi_2
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme uI
  vowel  starttype (u)  endtype (i)
  length 240
  formants vdiph/ui_2
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme Yy
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (i)
  length 220
  formants vdiph/y#y_2
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme Y@
  vowel  starttype (i)  endtype (@)
  length 210
  formants vdiph2/y#@
endphoneme


phoneme aU
  vowel  starttype (a)  endtype (u)
  length 230
  formants vdiph/au
endphoneme


// circumflex accent vowels

phoneme e:
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (e)
  length 210
  formants vowel/e
endphoneme


phoneme O:
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (o)
  length 240
  formants vowel/oo_1
endphoneme


phoneme 3:
  vowel  starttype (@)  endtype (@)
  length 230
  formants vowel/3_en
endphoneme


// Nasal vowels

phoneme A~
  vowel  starttype (a) endtype (a)
  length 240
  formants vnasal/aa_n3
endphoneme


phoneme e~ 
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (e)
  length 240
  formants vnasal/e_n
endphoneme


phoneme o~
  vowel  starttype (o)  endtype (o)
  length 240
  formants vnasal/o_n2
endphoneme



// CONSONANTS
//===========

phoneme x2
  vls vel frc
  vowelin f1=0  f2=2300 200 400  f3=-100 100
  vowelout f1=0 f2=2300 300 400  f3=-100 100  rms=20
  length 100
  lengthmod 3
  wave ufric/x2%60      // stronger version of [x]
endphoneme


phoneme r
  liquid  starttype #r endtype #r
  length 60
  vowelin  f1=2  f2=2700 -300 -200  f3=-1300 80  
  vowelout f1=2  f2=1700 -300 -200  f3=-1300 80
  formants r3/r_trill+r3/r_trill3.wav%100
  before _ r3/r_trill+r3/r_trill3.wav%100
  trill  
  lengthmod 6
endphoneme


phoneme r/   // used for [r] when not preceding a vowel
  liquid
  length 100
  lengthmod 7   //
  formants r3/r_+r3/rx
  after  @   NULL
  after _ r/rr
  after t r/trr p r/trr k r/trr
endphoneme


phoneme l
  liquid
  length 100
  lengthmod 7
  beforenotvowel l/2       // 'dark' [l]
  formants l/l
  after _ l/_l  t l/tl
  before _ l/l_2
endphoneme

phoneme c
  vls pal stop palatal
  vowelin f1=0  f2=2700 400 600  f3= 200 80
  vowelout f1=0 f2=2700 400 600  f3= 200 80  rms=20
  lengthmod 2
  wave ustop/ki
  switchvoicing g
endphoneme