//=========================================================
// German
//=========================================================



phoneme @   //  Schwa
  vowel starttype (@) endtype (@)
  formants vowel/@_3
  unstressed
  before r/  vowel/a#_3     // replace [@r] by [3]
  length 125
endphoneme


phoneme 3   //  open Schwa
  vowel starttype (@) endtype (@)
//  formants vwl_de/3
  formants vowel/a#_3
  unstressed
  // length 160
  length 125
endphoneme


phoneme a
  vowel starttype (a) endtype (a)
  // length 140
  length 110
  formants vowel/a
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme


phoneme E
  vowel starttype (e) endtype (e)
  length 120
  formants vowel/e_mid2
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme


phoneme E2    //  as[E] but reduces to @ if unstressed
  vowel starttype (e) endtype (e)
  length 120
  formants vowel/e_mid2
  before * DFT+40
  reduceto @  0
endphoneme


phoneme I
  vowel starttype (i) endtype (i)
  length 120
  formants vowel/ii
  before * DFT+40
  linkout ;
endphoneme


phoneme I:
  vowel starttype (i) endtype (i)
  length 190
  formants vowel/ii
endphoneme


phoneme O
  vowel starttype (o) endtype (o)
  length 120
  formants vowel/oo
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme


phoneme U
  vowel starttype (u) endtype (u)
  length 140
  formants vowel/uu_2
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme


phoneme A:
  vowel starttype (a) endtype (a)
  length 240
  formants vowel/aa_6
endphoneme

phoneme A
  vowel starttype (a) endtype (a)
  length 240
  formants vowel/aa_6
  reduceto a  4     // ??
endphoneme


phoneme i:
  vowel starttype (i) endtype (i)
  length 180
  formants vowel/i_2
  after w w/wi2
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme

phoneme i2
  vowel starttype (i) endtype (i)
  length 180
  formants vowel/i_2
  after w w/wi2
  before * DFT+40
  reduceto  I  4
endphoneme


phoneme u:
  vowel starttype (u) endtype (u)
  length 190
//  formants vwl_de/u:
  formants vowel/u
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme


phoneme aU
  vowel starttype (a) endtype (u)
  length 220
  formants vdiph/aau_2
endphoneme


phoneme aI
  vowel starttype (a) endtype (i)
  length 210
  formants vdiph/ai_5
endphoneme


phoneme EI
  vowel  starttype (e)  endtype (i)
  length 210
  formants vdiph/eei
endphoneme



phoneme OY
  vowel starttype (o) endtype (i)
  length 220
  formants vdiph/oi
endphoneme


phoneme E:
  vowel starttype (e) endtype (e)
  length 190
  formants vowel/e_mid2
endphoneme


phoneme e:
  vowel starttype (e) endtype (e)
  length 190
  formants vowel/e_2
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme


phoneme o:
  vowel starttype (o) endtype (o)
  length 200
  formants vowel/o
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme


phoneme y:
  vowel starttype (u) endtype (u)
  length 200
  formants vowel/y
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme


phoneme y
  vowel starttype (u) endtype (u)
  length 150
  formants vowel/yy_4
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme


phoneme Y:
  vowel starttype (@) endtype (@)
  length 220
  formants vowel/y#
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme


phoneme W
  vowel starttype (@) endtype (@)
  length 160
  formants vowel/oe
  before * DFT+40
endphoneme



// CONSONANTS
//===========

phoneme ts
  vls alv afr sibilant
  vowelin f1=0  f2=1700 -300 300  f3=-100 80
  vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 250  f3=-100 80  rms=20
  lengthmod 2
  wave ustop/ts
endphoneme


phoneme pF
  vls blb afr
  vowelout f1=0  f2=1000 -500 -350  f3=-200 80
  lengthmod 2
  wave ufric/f    // could replace this with a [pf] wav file
endphoneme

phoneme C2     // for "ig" -> [IC] or [Ig]
  vls pal frc palatal
  beforevowel g
  vowelin f1=0  f2=2700 400 600  f3=200 70
  vowelout f1=0 f2=2700 400 600  f3=200 70  rms=20
  length 100
  lengthmod 3
  wave ufric/ch
endphoneme


phoneme l/    // used for [l] when not before a vowel
  liquid
  length 100
  lengthmod 7
  formants l/l_3
  before (r) l/_l
  beforevowel l
endphoneme

phoneme j
  liquid
  palatal
  length 100
  beforenotvowel j/
  formants NULL
  after _ j/_j_short
  lengthmod 7
endphoneme



// This is actually the ENGLISH "rolling r". For german, we now use * in the dictionary,
// so this phoneme will only be used in english words in german texts.
phoneme r
  liquid  starttype #r  endtype #r
  lengthmod 7
  beforenotvowel r/
  trill
  formants r/r
  after _ r/rr
  after t r/trr p r/trr k r/trr
  before _ r/r_
endphoneme


phoneme r/   // variant of [r] when not preceding a vowel, in english words only
  liquid vowel2
  length 100
  lengthmod 7   //
  formants NULL
endphoneme