//====================================================
// French
//====================================================
// Updated 2011-10-14 Michel Such <michel.such@free.fr>
phoneme #l virtual
// Used for l and l/
endphoneme
phoneme #r virtual
// Used for "r" sounds
endphoneme
phoneme : // Lengthen previous vowel by "length"
virtual
length 40 // shorter than for fr-ca
endphoneme
phoneme #cFR virtual
// To identify "b k d f g p t v" when before "r"
endphoneme
procedure pre_r
IF prevPh(y) THEN
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/y2r)
ELIF prevPh(E) THEN
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/e_2r)
ELIF prevPh(A~) THEN
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/aa2r)
ELIF prevPh(E~) OR prevPh(W~) THEN
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/ee2r)
ELIF prevPh(O~) THEN
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/oo2r)
ELIF prevPh(isVowel) THEN
PrevVowelEndings
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/@2r)
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/a2r)
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/e2r)
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/i2r)
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/o2r)
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/u2r)
EndSwitch
ENDIF
endprocedure
procedure post_r
IF nextPh(E) THEN
VowelStart(vwl_fr/re2)
ELIF nextPh(W) THEN
VowelStart(vwl_fr/r@2)
ELIF nextPh(A~) THEN
VowelStart(vwl_fr/raa)
ELIF nextPh(E~) OR nextPh(W~) THEN
VowelStart(vwl_fr/ree)
ELIF nextPh(y) THEN
VowelStart(vwl_fr/ry)
ELIF nextPh(w) THEN
VowelStart(vwl_fr/rw)
ELIF nextPh(O~) THEN
VowelStart(vwl_fr/roo)
ELIF nextPh(j) OR nextPh(j/) THEN
VowelStart(vwl_fr/rj)
ELIF nextPh(isVowel) THEN
NextVowelStarts
VowelStart(vwl_fr/r@)
VowelStart(vwl_fr/ra)
VowelStart(vwl_fr/re)
VowelStart(vwl_fr/ri)
VowelStart(vwl_fr/ro)
VowelStart(vwl_fr/ru)
EndSwitch
ENDIF
endprocedure
phoneme r
vcd uvl frc nopause
rhotic
starttype #r endtype #r
Vowelin f1=0 f2=1500 -400 400 f3=-400 80
lengthmod 7
ipa U+0281
IF nextPh(isNotVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(r/)
ELIF prevPh(isNotVowel) OR prevPh(isPause) THEN
ChangePhoneme(r/2)
ENDIF
CALL pre_r
CALL post_r
FMT(vwl_fr/r)
endphoneme
phoneme r2 // silent unless followed by vowel
vcd uvl frc
rhotic
starttype #r endtype #r
ipa U+0281
IF nextPh(isNotVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(NULL)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(r)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme r/ // variant of [r] when not preceding a vowel
vcd uvl frc
rhotic
starttype #r endtype #r
lengthmod 7
ipa U+0281
IF prevPhW(t) OR prevPhW(p) OR prevPhW(k) THEN
FMT(vwl_fr/trr) addWav(r3/rx, 15)
ELIF prevPh(isNotVowel) THEN
FMT(vwl_fr/rr) addWav(r3/rx, 15)
ENDIF
PrevVowelEndings
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/r_@)
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/r_a)
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/r_e)
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/r_i)
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/r_o)
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/r_u)
EndSwitch
IF prevPh(y) THEN
VowelEnding(vwl_fr/r_y)
ENDIF
IF nextPh(isNasal) THEN
FMT(vwl_fr/r_n) addWav(r3/rx, 20)
ELIF nextPh(#r) THEN
length 30
ENDIF
FMT(vwl_fr/r_) addWav(r3/rx, 20)
endphoneme
phoneme r/2
liquid rhotic uvl nopause
starttype #r endtype #r
Vowelin f1=0 f2=1500 -400 400 f3=-400 80
ipa U+0281
CALL post_r
IF prevPhW(f) OR prevPhW(k) OR prevPhW(p) OR prevPhW(s) OR prevPhW(t) OR prevPhW(S) THEN
FMT(vwl_fr/tr)
ELIF prevPhW(#cFR) THEN
FMT(vwl_fr/br)
ELSE
length 80
FMT(vwl_fr/r)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme l
liquid
starttype #l endtype #l
lengthmod 7
IF nextPh(isNotVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(l/)
ELIF prevPhW(#cFR) THEN
ChangePhoneme(l/2)
ENDIF
NextVowelStarts
VowelStart(l/l@)
VowelStart(l/la, -10)
VowelStart(l/le, -15)
VowelStart(l/li, -15)
VowelStart(vwl_fr/lo, -10)
VowelStart(l/lu, -20)
EndSwitch
IF prevPh(#@) THEN
VowelEnding(l/xl, -50)
ELIF prevPh(isVowel) THEN
VowelEnding(l/xl, -40)
ENDIF
IF prevPh(isPause) OR thisPh(isWordStart) THEN
FMT(l/_l)
ENDIF
IF prevPh(isRhotic) OR prevPh(isNasal) THEN
FMT(l/_l)
ENDIF
IF prevPh(t) THEN
FMT(l/tl)
ENDIF
IF prevPh(l/) THEN
FMT(l/l_long) // double l, make it longer
ENDIF
FMT(l/l)
endphoneme
phoneme l/ // used for [l] when not before a vowel
liquid rfx
starttype #l endtype #l
lengthmod 7
IF nextPh(isVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(l)
ENDIF
IF prevPhW(y) THEN
VowelEnding(l/l_y)
ELIF prevPhW(isVowel) THEN
PrevVowelEndings
VowelEnding(l/l_@)
VowelEnding(l/l_a)
VowelEnding(l/l_e)
VowelEnding(l/l_i)
VowelEnding(l/l_o)
VowelEnding(l/l_u)
EndSwitch
ENDIF
IF prevPh(#r) THEN
FMT(l/_l)
ENDIF
FMT(l/l_)
endphoneme
phoneme l/2
liquid
starttype #l endtype #l
IF nextPh(isNotVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(l/)
ENDIF
NextVowelStarts
VowelStart(l/l@)
VowelStart(l/la, -10)
VowelStart(l/le, -15)
VowelStart(l/li, -15)
VowelStart(l/lo, -10)
VowelStart(l/lu, -20)
EndSwitch
IF prevPh(t) THEN
FMT(l/tl)
ENDIF
FMT(l/l)
endphoneme
// Vowels
//=======
phoneme @
vowel starttype #@ endtype #@
length 170
FMT(vowel/@_hgh)
endphoneme
phoneme @-
vowel starttype #@ endtype #@
unstressed
length 130
FMT(vowel/@_hgh)
endphoneme
phoneme a
vowel starttype #a endtype #a
IF nextPhW(isVowel) THEN
length 220
ELSE
length 170
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/a_7)
endphoneme
phoneme a-
vowel starttype #a endtype #a
unstressed
length 130
FMT(vowel/a_7, 85)
endphoneme
phoneme a# // For english words
import_phoneme en/a#
endphoneme
phoneme e
vowel starttype #e endtype #e
IF nextPh(l/) THEN
VowelEnding(l/xl, -20)
ELIF nextPh(isVowel) THEN
length 200
ELSE
length 170
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/e_8)
endphoneme
phoneme e-
vowel starttype #e endtype #e
unstressed
length 130
FMT(vowel/e_8)
endphoneme
phoneme E
vowel starttype #e endtype #e
IF nextPhW(j) THEN
length 190
ELSE
length 170
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/e_mid)
endphoneme
phoneme E-
vowel starttype #e endtype #e
unstressed
length 130
FMT(vowel/e_mid)
endphoneme
phoneme i
vowel starttype #i endtype #i
palatal
IF prevPhW(r/2) OR prevPhW(l/2) THEN
IF nextPhW(isVowel) THEN
length 240
ENDIF
ELIF prevPhW(#r) AND nextPhW(isVowel) THEN
IF nextPhW(#i) THEN
length 220
IfNextVowelAppend(;)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(j/)
ENDIF
ELIF nextPhW(isVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(j)
ELSE
length 150
IfNextVowelAppend(;)
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/i_8)
endphoneme
phoneme I // For english words
import_phoneme en/I
endphoneme
phoneme I2 // For english words
import_phoneme en/I2
endphoneme
phoneme j/ // Short "i" between "r" and a vowel
vowel starttype #i endtype #i
length 80
// unstressed
NextVowelStarts
VowelStart(j/j@)
VowelStart(j/ja)
VowelStart(j/je)
VowelStart(j/ji)
VowelStart(j/jo)
VowelStart(j/ju)
EndSwitch
FMT(vwl_fr/j)
endphoneme
phoneme o
vowel starttype #o endtype #o
IF nextPh(isVowel) THEN
length 220
ELSE
length 170
ENDIF
IF thisPh(isFinalVowel) THEN
FMT(vowel/o_8)
ELSE
FMT(vowel/o)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme O
vowel starttype #o endtype #o
length 170
IF thisPh(isFinalVowel) THEN
FMT(vowel/o_mid2)
ENDIF
IF nextPhW(#l) AND next2Ph(isNotVowel) THEN
FMT(vowel/o_mid2)
ENDIF
IF nextPhW(#r) AND next2Ph(isNotVowel) THEN
FMT(vowel/o_mid2)
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/o_mid)
endphoneme
phoneme oU
import_phoneme en/oU
endphoneme
phoneme u
vowel starttype #u endtype #u
IF nextPh(isVowel) OR nextPh(j) THEN
length 220
ELSE
length 180
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/u_bck2)
endphoneme
phoneme u: // slitely longer than u
vowel starttype #u endtype #u
length 240
FMT(vowel/u_bck2)
endphoneme
phoneme y
vowel starttype #u endtype #u
IF nextPhW(E~) OR nextPhW(#i) THEN
length 110
FMT(vowel/y, 80)
ENDIF
length 180
FMT(vowel/y)
endphoneme
phoneme y-
vowel starttype #u endtype #u
unstressed
length 130
FMT(vowel/y)
endphoneme
phoneme W
vowel starttype #@ endtype #@
length 180
FMT(vowel/@_6)
endphoneme
phoneme W2 // For english words
vowel starttype #@ endtype #@
length 100
unstressed
FMT(vowel/@_6)
endphoneme
phoneme Y
vowel starttype #@ endtype #@
length 170
FMT(vowel/y#)
endphoneme
phoneme w
vowel starttype #u endtype #u
IF prevPh(#r) OR prevPhW(#l) THEN
NextVowelStarts
VowelStart(w/w@)
VowelStart(vwl_fr/wa)
VowelStart(w/we)
VowelStart(w/wi)
VowelStart(w/wo)
VowelStart(w/wu)
EndSwitch
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(w/)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme w/
liquid
lengthmod 7
IF nextPh(isVowel) THEN
NextVowelStarts
VowelStart(w/w@)
VowelStart(vwl_fr/wa)
VowelStart(w/we)
VowelStart(w/wi)
VowelStart(w/wo)
VowelStart(w/wu)
EndSwitch
VowelEnding(w/xw, -30)
IF prevPh(isPause) THEN
FMT(w/_w)
ELSE
FMT(w/_w)
ENDIF
ELSE
// no vowel follows
Vowelout len=50
IF prevPh(#i) THEN
FMT(w/iw_)
ENDIF
FMT(w/w_)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme A~
vowel starttype #a endtype #a
length 190
FMT(vnasal/aa_n4)
endphoneme
phoneme E~ // same as W~ for fr-fr
vowel starttype #e endtype #e
length 190
IF nextPh(n2) THEN
FMT(vowel/e_mid)
ENDIF
FMT(vnasal/W_n)
endphoneme
phoneme O~
vowel starttype #o endtype #o
length 190
FMT(vnasal/o_n4)
endphoneme
phoneme W~
vowel starttype #@ endtype #@
length 190
FMT(vnasal/W_n)
endphoneme
// These vowels map to others in fr-fr, but are distinct in fr-ca
phoneme U // same as [u]
import_phoneme fr/u
endphoneme
phoneme y" // same as [y]
import_phoneme fr/y
endphoneme
phoneme E: // slightly longer than [E]
import_phoneme E
endphoneme
phoneme A // same as [a]
import_phoneme a
endphoneme
// CONSONANTS
//===========
// uses the consonants in file "phonemes", unless overridden here
phoneme b
vcd blb stop
starttype #cFR endtype #cFR
voicingswitch p
lengthmod 6
Vowelin f1=2 f2=1000 -300 -200 f3=-100 100
Vowelout f1=2 f2=1000 -500 -300 f3=-300 80 brk
IF KlattSynth THEN
Vowelin f1=1 f2=1000 -500 -300 f3=-300 80
IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
FMT(klatt/b) addWav(x/b_)
ENDIF
FMT(klatt/b) addWav(x/b)
ENDIF
IF PreVoicing THEN
IF nextPhW(#r) THEN
FMT(b/xbr)
ELSE
FMT(b/xb)
ENDIF
ENDIF
IF nextPh(isPause2) OR nextPh(l) THEN
FMT(b/b_) addWav(x/b_)
ELIF nextPh(l/) THEN
FMT(b/b)
ELIF nextPh(#r) THEN
FMT(b/br) addWav(x/b, 50)
ENDIF
FMT(b/b) addWav(x/b, 70)
endphoneme
phoneme d
vcd alv stop
starttype #cFR endtype #cFR
voicingswitch t
lengthmod 5
Vowelin f1=1 f2=1700 -300 300 f3=-100 80 amp=20
Vowelout f1=2 f2=1700 -300 300 f3=-100 80
IF PreVoicing THEN
IF nextPhW(#r) THEN
FMT(d/xdr)
ELSE
FMT(d/xd)
ENDIF
ENDIF
IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
FMT(d/d_) addWav(x/d_, 50)
ELIF nextPhW(#r) THEN
FMT(d/dr) addWav(x/d_, 50)
ENDIF
FMT(d/d) addWav(x/d, 40)
endphoneme
phoneme f
vls lbd frc
starttype #cFR endtype #cFR
voicingswitch v
lengthmod 3
Vowelout f1=0 f2=1000 -500 -350 f3=-200 100
IF nextPh(isPause) THEN
WAV(ufric/f_)
ENDIF
WAV(ufric/f, 80)
endphoneme
phoneme g
vcd vel stop
starttype #cFR endtype #cFR
voicingswitch k
lengthmod 5
Vowelin f1=2 f2=2300 200 300 f3=-300 80
Vowelout f1=1 f2=2300 250 300 f3=-300 80 brk
IF PreVoicing THEN
IF nextPhW(#r) THEN
FMT(g/xgr)
ELSE
FMT(g/xg)
ENDIF
ENDIF
IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
FMT(g/g_) addWav(x/g_)
ELIF nextPhW(#r) THEN
FMT(g/gr) addWav(x/g, 20)
ENDIF
FMT(g/g) addWav(x/g, 20)
endphoneme
phoneme k
vls vel stop
starttype #cFR endtype #cFR
voicingswitch g
length 50
lengthmod 2
Vowelin f1=0 f2=2300 200 400 f3=-100 80
Vowelout f1=0 f2=2300 300 400 f3=-100 80 rms=20
IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
WAV(ustop/k_)
ELIF nextPh(#i) OR nextPh(;) THEN
WAV(ustop/ki, 45)
ELIF nextPh(#l) THEN
WAV(ustop/kl, 40)
ELIF nextPh(#r) THEN
length 45
WAV(ustop/k, 50)
ENDIF
WAV(ustop/k, 40)
endphoneme
phoneme n
vcd alv nasal
Vowelout f1=2 f2=1700 -300 250 f3=-100 80 rms=20 brk
lengthmod 4
IF KlattSynth THEN
Vowelin f1=0 f2=1500 -200 200 f3=0 80
FMT(klatt/n)
ENDIF
NextVowelStarts
VowelStart(n/n@)
VowelStart(n/na)
VowelStart(n/ne)
VowelStart(n/ni)
VowelStart(n/no)
VowelStart(n/nu)
EndSwitch
IF prevPh(isNotVowel) AND nextPhW(isLiquid) THEN
FMT(n/nj)
ELIF prevPh(isPause) OR prevPh(n) THEN
FMT(n/_n)
ELIF nextPh(isNotVowel) THEN
length 120
FMT(n/n_long_)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme n2
vcd alv nasal
IF nextPh(w) OR nextPh(isVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(n)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(NULL)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme p
vls blb stop
starttype #cFR endtype #cFR
voicingswitch b
lengthmod 2
Vowelin f1=0 f2=1000 -50 -100 f3=-200 80 amp=11
Vowelout f1=0 f2=1000 -500 -350 f3=-300 80 rms=22
IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
WAV(ustop/p_, 80)
ELIF nextPh(@-) THEN
WAV(ustop/p_unasp, 70)
ELIF nextPh(#l) THEN
WAV(ustop/pl, 50)
ELIF nextPh(#r) THEN
length 40
WAV(ustop/p_, 80)
ENDIF
WAV(ustop/p_unasp_, 90)
endphoneme
phoneme p2 // silent unless followed by vowel
vls blb stop
lengthmod 2
Vowelin f1=0 f2=1000 -50 -100 f3=-200 80 amp=11
Vowelout f1=0 f2=1000 -500 -350 f3=-300 80 rms=22
IF nextPh(isNotVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(NULL)
ENDIF
WAV(ustop/p, 45)
endphoneme
phoneme s
vls alv frc sibilant
voicingswitch z
lengthmod 3
Vowelin f1=0 f2=1700 -300 300 f3=-100 80
Vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 250 f3=-100 80 rms=20
IF nextPh(isPause) THEN
WAV(ufric/s_, 45)
ELIF nextPh(p) OR nextPh(t) OR nextPh(k) THEN
WAV(ufric/s!, 45)
ENDIF
WAV(ufric/s, 45)
endphoneme
phoneme S
vls pla frc sibilant
starttype #cFR endtype #cFR
voicingswitch Z
lengthmod 3
Vowelin f1=0 f2=1900 100 300 f3=-100 80
Vowelout f1=0 f2=1900 100 300 f3=-100 80
IF prevPhW(t) THEN
length 60
ENDIF
IF nextPh(isPause) THEN
WAV(ufric/sh_, 45)
ENDIF
WAV(ufric/sh, 45)
endphoneme
phoneme t
vls alv stop
starttype #cFR endtype #cFR
voicingswitch d
lengthmod 2
Vowelin f1=0 f2=1700 -300 300 f3=-100 80
Vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 250 f3=-100 80 rms=20
IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
WAV(ustop/t_, 40)
ELIF nextPh(#r) THEN
length 40
WAV(ustop/t_short_, 50)
ENDIF
WAV(ustop/t_short, 40)
endphoneme
phoneme t2 // silent unless followed by vowel
vls alv stop
Vowelin f1=0 f2=1600 -300 300 f3=-100 80
Vowelout f1=0 f2=1600 -300 250 f3=-100 80 rms=20
lengthmod 2
IF nextPh(isVowel) OR nextPh(w) OR nextPh(j) THEN
WAV(ustop/t_short, 30)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(NULL)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme t3 // silent unless followed by vowel or pause
vls alv stop
lengthmod 2
IF nextPh(isPause) THEN
ChangePhoneme(t)
ELIF nextPh(isNotVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(NULL)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(t2)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme v
vcd lbd frc
starttype #cFR endtype #cFR
voicingswitch f
lengthmod 6
length 90
Vowelin f1=0 f2=1000 -300 -200 f3=-300 100
Vowelout f1=0 f2=1000 -500 -300 f3=-300 100
IF KlattSynth THEN
CALL base/v
RETURN
ENDIF
IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
FMT(voc/v_) addWav(vocw/v)
ENDIF
IF thisPh(isWordStart) AND nextPhW(isLiquid) THEN
Length 70
ELIF nextPhW(w/) OR nextPhW(#r) THEN
Length 60
ENDIF
FMT(voc/v) addWav(vocw/v, 60)
endphoneme
phoneme V // For english words
vowel starttype #a endtype #@
length 140
ChangeIfDiminished(@)
FMT(vowel/V_2)
endphoneme
phoneme z
vcd alv frc sibilant
voicingswitch s
lengthmod 6
Vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 300 f3=-100 60 len=50
IF nextPhW(z) THEN
FMT(d/xd)
ENDIF
IF nextPh(isPause2) OR nextPh(isPause) THEN
FMT(voc/z_) addWav(ufric/s_, 45)
ENDIF
IF prevPhW(t) THEN
length 60
ENDIF
FMT(voc/z) addWav(ufric/s_, 45)
endphoneme
phoneme z2 // silent unless followed by vowel
vcd alv frc sibilant
IF nextPh(isVowel) OR nextPh(w/) OR nextPh(j) THEN
Length 70
FMT(voc/z) addWav(ufric/s, 40)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(NULL)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme z3 // "six" and "dix". [s] before pause, [z] before vowel, else []
vcd alv frc sibilant
IF nextPh(isPause) THEN
ChangePhoneme(s)
ELIF nextPh(isVowel) OR nextPh(w/) THEN
ChangePhoneme(z)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(NULL)
ENDIF
endphoneme
// translate from English to French phonemes
equivalents en
//remove_stress
0 O
3 W r
3: W : r
@ W
@- W
@2 W
@5 W
@L W l
a a
a# a#
A: a :
A@ a r
aa a :
aI a j
aI3 a j W2 r
aI@ a j W2 r
aU a w
aU@ a w @
A~ A~
E E
e: e
e@ E : r
eI E : j/
i i
I I
I2 I2
i: i :
i@ i r
i@3 i : r
O O
O: O :
o: o
O@ O r
o@ O r
OI O j
oU oU
O~ O~
U u
u: u:
U@ u r
V V
IR i r
VR W r
b b
C C
d d
D D
dZ dZ
f f
g g
h h
j j
k k
l l
l# l#
m m
n n
N N
n^ n^
p p
Q Q
r r
r- r
s s
S S
t t
T T
t2 t
tS tS
v v
w w/
x x
z z
Z Z
endphoneme