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docs/phonemes.md: improve the rounding and labialization specification and use these to describe the co-articulated consonants.

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Reece H. Dunn 8 years ago
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1 changed files with 20 additions and 22 deletions
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docs/phonemes.md View File

@@ -12,13 +12,12 @@
- [Place of Articulation](#place-of-articulation)
- [Active Articulators](#active-articulators)
- [Passive Articulators](#passive-articulators)
- [Rounding and Labialization](#rounding-and-labialization)
- [Consonants](#consonants)
- [Co-articulation](#co-articulation)
- [Manner of Articulation](#manner-of-articulation)
- [Vowels](#vowels-1)
- [Height](#height)
- [Backness](#backness)
- [Rounding](#rounding)
- [Diacritics](#diacritics)
- [Syllabicity](#syllabicity)
- [Consonant Release](#consonant-release)
@@ -353,12 +352,12 @@ Symbols to the left have a `vls` phonation, and to the right have `mdv` phonatio

### Other Symbols

| Symbol | Features |
|--------|-------------------------|
| ʍ | `vls` `lbv` `apr` |
| w | `mdv` `lbv` `apr` |
| ɥ | `mdv` `lbp` `apr` |
| ɧ | `vls` `vzd` `pla` `frc` |
| Symbol | Alternative | Features |
|--------|-------------|-------------------------|
| ʍ | ɰ̊ʷ | `vls` `vel` `ptr` `apr` |
| w | ɰʷ | `mdv` `vel` `ptr` `apr` |
| ɥ | jʷ | `mdv` `pal` `ptr` `apr` |
| ɧ | | `vls` `vzd` `pla` `frc` |

### Vowels

@@ -517,14 +516,21 @@ consonants, but Wikipedia does not. This model uses the Wikipedia descriptions.
| `egs` | epiglottis |
| `gts` | glottis |

### Consonants
### Rounding and Labialization

#### Co-articulation
| Feature | Symbol | Name | Rounded | Position |
|---------|--------|------------|---------|-----------------------------------------|
| `unr` | | unrounded | No | Close to the jaw. |
| `ptr` | ◌ʷ, ◌ᶣ | protruded | Yes | Protrude outward from the jaw. |
| `cmp` | ◌ᵝ | compressed | Yes | Close to the jaw. |
| `rnd` | | rounded | Yes | `ptr` if `bck` or `cnt`; `cmp` if `fnt` |

| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name |
|---------|-------------|-----------------|
| `lbv` | `lbv` | labial-velar |
| `lbp` | | labial-palatal |
The `unr` and `rnd` features are used for vowels to describe their default
labialization. Consonants are `unr` by default, and can use the ◌ʷ, ◌ᶣ and ◌ᵝ
annotations to specify the type of labialization. Vowels can use these to
change their labialization from the default one specified by `rnd`.

### Consonants

#### Manner of Articulation

@@ -575,13 +581,6 @@ __NOTE:__ `sib` is not used in the IPA charts.
| `cnt` | `cnt` | center |
| `bck` | `bck` | back |

#### Rounding

| Feature | Kirshenbaum | Name |
|---------|-------------|-----------------|
| `unr` | `unr` | unrounded |
| `rnd` | `rnd` | rounded |

### Diacritics

#### Syllabicity
@@ -662,7 +661,6 @@ diacritics.
|---------|-------------|-----|-----------------|
| `mrd` | | ◌̹ | more rounded |
| `lrd` | | ◌̜ | less rounded |
| `lzd` | `lzd` | ◌ʷ | labialized or labio-velarized |
| `pzd` | `pzd` | ◌ʲ | palatalized |
| `vzd` | `vzd` | ◌ˠ | velarized |
| `fzd` | `fzd` | ◌ˤ | pharyngealized |

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