[1.46.38]

Speak names of characters in non-native alphabets (eg. non-Latin).
Language changes: en, nl, pt.


git-svn-id: https://espeak.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/espeak/trunk@304 d46cf337-b52f-0410-862d-fd96e6ae7743

dictsource/de_list

 v	faU
 x	Iks
 
+// Alphabets
+_ar	aR'AbIS
+_cyr	ky:R'IlIS
+_he	hEbr'E:IS
+
+
 // Numbers
 //========
 _0	'nUl

dictsource/dict_phonemes

 x    z    Z    
 
 
-Dictionary hu_dict  2012-07-25
+Dictionary hu_dict  2013-02-25
 
 a    A    a:   e    E    e:   i    i:   
 o    o:   u    u:   Y    y    y:   Y:   
 z    Z    
 
 
-Dictionary de_dict  2012-11-26
+Dictionary de_dict  2013-02-25
 
 3    @    @-   a    A    A:   aI   aU   
 A~   E    E2   E:   e:   EI   i    I    
 ts   v    x    z    
 
 
-Dictionary en_dict  2013-02-20
+Dictionary en_dict  2013-02-27
 
 0    0#   3    3:   @    @-   @2   @5   
 @L   a    a#   A:   A@   aa   aI   aI3  
-aI@  aU   aU@  A~   E    e:   e@   eI   
-i    I    I#   I2   i:   i@   i@3  IR   
-O    O:   o:   O@   o@   OI   oU   O~   
-U    u:   U@   V    VR   
+aI@  aU   aU@  A~   e    E    e:   e@   
+eI   i    I    I#   I2   i:   i@   i@3  
+IR   o    O    O:   o:   O@   o@   OI   
+oU   O~   u    U    u:   U@   V    VR   
 
-:    ;    ?    b    C    d    D    d#   
-dZ   f    g    h    j    k    l    l#   
-m    n    N    n^   p    Q    r    r-   
-s    S    t    T    t2   tS   v    w    
-x    z    Z    z#   
+*    :    ;    ?    b    C    d    D    
+d#   dZ   f    g    h    j    k    l    
+l#   l/   m    n    N    n^   p    Q    
+q    Q"   r    R    r-   R2   s    S    
+t    T    t2   tS   v    w    x    z    
+Z    z#   
 
 
 Dictionary eo_dict  2013-01-24
 t    tS   v    w    x    
 
 
-Dictionary nl_dict  2011-11-22
+Dictionary nl_dict  2013-02-26
 
 8    @    @-   a    A    a:   A~   e    
 E    e#   E2   e:   EI   eU   i    I    
 ts;  v    w    x    z    Z    Z;   
 
 
-Dictionary pt_dict  2013-02-20
+Dictionary pt_dict  2013-02-25
 
 &    &/   &U~  &~   @    @-   a    A    
 aI   aU   e    E    eI   EI   eU   EU   

dictsource/en_list

 ♭	flat
 ¬	n0t_|saIn
 √	skw,e@r'u:t
-∞	Inf'InI2tI2
+∞	Inf'InI2ti
 ≠	n0t'i:kw@LtU
+∫	IntIgr@L
 №	nju:m@roU
 ।	dVnda#
 ●	bl,aks'3:k@L
 ʧ	tSES
 ʤ	dZEZ
 
+// Language names
+_el	gr'i:k
+_cyr	sI2r'IlIk
+_hy	A@m'i:ni@n
+_he	h'i:bru:
+_ar	'ar@bIk
+_dv	t'A:na#
+_hi	h'Indi
+_bn	bEng'A:li
+_gur	g'U@mUki
+_gu	gu:dZ3r'A:ti
+_or	0r'i@
+_ta	t'amI2l
+_kn	k'A:na#d@
+_ml	maleI'A:l@m
+_si	sI2nh'A:l@
+_th	t'aI
+_lo	l'aU
+_ti	tI2b'Et@n
+_my	mj'A:nmA@
+_ka	dZ'O@dZ@n
+_ko	k3r'i@n
+_eth	i:TI'0pIk
+
+
+// Cyrillic letters
+а	a
+б	bE
+в	vE
+г	gE
+д	dE
+е	jE
+ё	jo
+ж	ZE
+з	zE
+и	I
+й	,Ik@-*'atkOji
+к	ka
+л	El/1
+м	Em
+н	En
+о	o
+п	pE
+р	Er
+с	Es
+т	tE
+у	u
+ф	Ef
+х	xa
+ц	tsE
+ч	tSE
+ш	Sa
+щ	StSa
+ъ	jEr
+ы	_^_RU
+ь	jer
+э	E
+ю	ju
+я	ja
+
+// Arabic letters
+
+ء	h'amza
+آ	'Elifm,adda#
+أ	'Elifh,amza
+ا	'Elif
+ب	bE?
+ة	t'E?maR2b'uta#
+ت	tE?
+ث	TE?
+ج	ZIm
+ح	hE?
+خ	xE?
+د	dEl/1
+ذ	DEl/1
+ر	R2A:?
+ز	zEjn
+س	si:n
+ش	Si:n
+ص	sO:d@-
+ض	dO:d@-
+ط	thA:?
+ظ	DA:?
+ع	?ajn
+غ	Q"ajn
+ف	fE?
+ق	qO:f
+ك	kEf
+ل	lEm
+م	mi:m
+ن	nu|:n
+ه	hE?
+و	wO:w
+ي	jE?
+
+َ	a
+ِ	i
+ُ	u
+ّ	S'ada#
+ْ	suk'un
+	
+
+
+
+// Hebrew letters
+א	'alef_
+ב	bet_
+ג	'gimel_
+ד	'dalet_
+ה	he_
+ו	vav_
+ז	z'ajin_
+ח	xet_
+ט	tet_
+י	jod_
+ך	kaf_
+כ	kaf_
+ל	l'amed_
+ם	mem_
+מ	mem_
+ן	nun_
+נ	nun_
+ס	s'amex_
+ע	?'ajin_
+ף	pe_
+פ	pe_
+ץ	ts'adi_
+צ	ts'adi_
+ק	kuf_
+ר	ReS_
+ש	Sin_
+ת	tav_
+
+
 // phonetic modifiers
 ː	lENT@nd_
 U+2b0	aspI2reItI2d_ // supr-h
 ie	aIi:_!   $pause $only
 i.e	aIi:_!   $pause
 imo	$abbrev
+inlb	$abbrev
 irc	$abbrev
 irs	$abbrev
 itx	$abbrev
 uv	$abbrev
 VI      $abbrev
 wwii	dVb@Lju:dVb@Lju:t'u:
+xl	$abbrev		// not roman 40
 xxx	$abbrev		// not roman 30
 xy	$abbrev
 yd	$abbrev
 bridal		braId@L
 brigade		$2
 brigadier	brIga#d'i@3
+brioche		bri:'oUS
 broccoli	br0k@li
 brochure	broUS3
 ?3 brochure	broU'SU@r
 brooch		broUtS
 budgerigar	bVdZ@rIgA@
 buffet		bVfeI
+?3 bulimia	bUl'Imi@
 bunion		bVnI2@n
 bureaucracy	bjU@'0kr@si
 bursar		b3:s3
 ?3 carburetor	kA@b@reIt3
 career		k@r'i@3
 caress		k@rEs
+carousel	kar@s'El
 carpel		kA@p@l
 cascade		$alt3
 cashier		kaS'i@3
 converse	$1 $only
 converse	$verb
 convert		$1 $noun
-convict		$1 $onlys
-convict		$verb
+convict		$2 $verb
 convolute	k0nv@l'u:t
 coop		ku:p
 cooper		ku:p3
 halleluiah	halI2'lu:j@
 hallelujah	halI2'lu:j@
 halloween	$3
-hallucinate	$alt3
 halogen		hal@dZ@n
 hanged		haNd
 harem		hA:r'i:m
 ja		jA:
 jagged		dZagI#d
 jaguar		dZagwA@
+jalapeno	hA:l@p'eIn;oU
 japan		dZ@pan
 jasmine		dZazmIn
 jedi		dZEdaI
 july		dZu:l'aI
 
 kaput		$alt3
+karaoke		karI'oUki
 karate		k@rA:ti
 kebab		k@bab
 ?3 kebab	k@bA:b
 nosir		noUs3:
 not		noUt          // for noted, notable, etc 
 nots		n0ts
+(nôtre dame)	noUtr@'dA:m
 nott		n0t
 nothing		nVTIN
 notwithstanding	$3
 padre		pA:dreI
 paella		paI'El@
 palling		palIN
+palsy		pO:lzi
 papa		pa#p'A:
 ?3 papa		pA:p@
 papal		peIp@L 
 plaguing	pleIgIN
 playtest	pleItEst
 plaza		plA:z@
-plebeian	pl@b'i@n
+plebeian	pl@b'i:@n
 plethora	plET3r@
 plicate		$2
 plumber		plVm3
 polyamide	p0lI'eImaId
 polythene	$1
 portend		po@t'End
+?!3 portrait	po@treIt
 poseidon	p@saId@n
 posse		p0si
 postage		poUstI2dZ
 salami		$alt3
 saline		seIlaIn
 ?3 saline	seIli:n
+salmon		sam@n
 ?3 salon	$alt3
 saloon		$alt3
 san		,san $only
 sardine		$2
-satan		seIt@n
-satanist	seIt@nIst
+satanic		$alt3
 saucepan	sO:sp@n
 saudi		saUdi
 saute		sO:teI
 ?3 savant	sa#vA:nt
 says		sEz
 scaly		skeIlI
-salmon		sam@n
 scalpel		skalp@L
 scared		ske@d
 scaring		ske@rIN
 signage		saInI2dZ
 signal		sIgn@l        // signaled
 signer		saIn3
+signoff		s,aIn'0f
+signon		s,aIn'0n
 signup		saInVp
 sikh		si:k
 silo		saIloU
 Belize		bEl'i:z
 Bengal		b,Eng'O:l
 Benin		bEnIn
-Berlin		b3:l'In
 Bhutan		bu:t'an
 Bideford	bIdIf@d
 Bogota		b0g@t'A:
 Gdansk		g@-dansk
 Gibraltar	$2
 Gomera		goUm'e@r@
+Gurmukhi	gU@mUki
 Harare		ha#rA:ri
 Hanoi		han'OI
 Havana		ha#van@
 Montana		m0nt'an@
 Monte		m0nt2i
 Munich		mju:nIk
+Myanmar		mjA:nmA@
 Nairobi		naIr'oUbi
 Naples		neIp@Lz
 Nauru		naUru:
 Suriname	sU@rIn'am
 Taipei		t,aIp'eI
 Taiwan		taI'wA:n
+Taiwanese	taIw@n'i:z
 Tawakoni	ta#wA:k@ni
 Tblisi		t@-bli:si
 Tehran		te@r'A:n
 Jacques		Zak
 Jamie		dZeImi
 Jared		dZar@d
-Jarred		dZar@d
+Jarrad		dZar@d
 Jesus		dZi:z@s
 Jonah		dZoUn@
 José		hoUs'eI
 Vanessa		$alt3
 Wallace		w0lI#s
 Wally		w0li
+?3 William	wIlj@m
 Yves		i:v
 Yvonne		$2
 Zoe		zoUi
 Buchanan	bju:k'an@n
 Cabrillo	ka#bri:oU
 Campbell	kamb@l
+Capone		ka#poUn
 Carnegie	kA@n@gi
 Cohen		koU@n
 Cthulhu		k@-Tu:l#u:
 Guinness	gInIs
 Hades		heIdi:z
 Hamilton	ham@Lt@n
+Hoosier		hu:Z3
 Jacobi		dZa#koUbi
 Kendell		kEnd@L
 Kyocera		kaI|@s'i@r@
 Rizzoli		rI2zoUli
 Rodrigues	r0dr'i:gEz
 Sanchez		santSEz
+Shakur		Sa#kU@
 Tzu		tsu:
+Versace		v3sA:tSi
 Wii		wi::
 Yaesu		jeIsu:
 Yamaha		jam@hA:

dictsource/en_rules

          -) a (-         a#
          _) a (-         'eI
          _) a (-half     a#
-         X) a ($w_alt3+++ a#
+         X) a ($w_alt3++++ a#
         sw) a (B         0
             a (Be#       eI
          w) a (Be#       eI
          @) a (tious     'eI
          n) a (tur       eI
          n) a (tura      a
+         &) a (ture_     @
       sign) a (ture      I
          _) a (ve        a
          _) a (viat      eI
             aise (_      'eIz
         _c) ais (l       aS  // 'caislin'
         @l) ais (_       eI
+     portr) ai (t        I#
 
 .group al
          _) al (@        a#l
          _) al (i        al
          _) al (ig       a#l
          X) al (in       eIl
+        st) al (in       A:l
          _) ali (Be      a#laI
          &) ali (sC_     @lI
          &) al (isCic    @l
          f) all (ib      al
         _C) all (ow      al
          h) all (C       O:l
+         h) all (uc      a#l
         sm) all          O:l
         st) all          O:l
          t) all          O:l
        und) am (en       @m
          _) am (en       a#m
             ame (nab     a#mi:
-        _l) ame (nt      %amE
+        _l) am (ent      a#m
             amm (end     a#m
             amoeb        a#mi:b
          f) amil         amIl
          &) an (ty_      @n
          &) an (t_       @n
          &) an (t_$w_alt an
+?3       &) an (t_$w_alt A:n
 ?8       &) an (t_       a#n
         _f) an (at       a#n
         pl) an (t_       an
         _p) ara (de      @reI
         &t) ar (_        3
         st) ar (_        A@
-      guit) ar (_        A@
+      guit) ar           'A@
         _t) ar (_        A@
          &) ar (dis      3
          &) ar (diz      3
          w) ast (e#      eIst
 
 .group at
+        _s) ata (n       eIt@
         _g) ator         eIt3
          &) ate (_$w_alt2    @t
        pal) ate (_       @t
        par) ates (_      eIt|s
          @) ated (++_    eItId
         _s) ate (ll      at@
-         @) ati (_       'A:tI
+         @) ati (_       'A:ti
             at (im_      'eIt
          @) ating (++_   eItIN
          &) at (ive      @t
          @) ath (An_     @T
             athed (_     eIDd
             athei        eITI2I
-         &) athy         =@TI2
+         &) athy (_      =@TI2
          @) ath (is      =@T
          _) at (lan      a#t
             at (omi      a#t
 
 .group b
             b            b
-         _) bh           b
+         _) bh (@        b
          _) b (L01Y      b   // allow _bl _br
          _) bj (A        bj
          _) brz (e       brz
             benevo       b@nEv@
          _) be (o        beI
             be (qu       bI2
+         _) berlin       %b3:lIn
          _) ber (s       b3
             be (see      bI2
             be (sie      bI2
             co (ntrol+   k@
             conva (l     k0nv@
          _) co (nvenA    k@
-         _) co (nvi      k@
+         _) co (nvi      k0#
          _) co (nvoy     k0
          _) co (nw       k0
          _) copy         k0pI
          h) emorrh       Em@r
        sph) em           @m
        sph) em (e        'i:m
+        _s) ema (nti     @ma
          &) em (y_       @m
        yst) em           @m
        yst) em (i        Em
             erred (_     '3:d
             er (_        3:
             er (B_       3:
+        _c) ere (br      3ri:
          &) ere (_       3
             ere (_       3:
          &) er (s_       3
          &) ia (n        i@
          @) ia (nic      I'a
          @) ia (nit      I'a
-         @) ia (na       i:'a
+         @) ia (na_      i:'a
             ia (ng_      ja
         _f) ia (nc       I'0
         _f) iance        I'0nseI
         an) ism (_S3d    Iz@m
        @iB) ism (_S3d    Iz@m
          @) ism (_S3de   Iz@m
+        et) ism (_S3     Iz@m
             is (o_       aIz
             is (or_      aIz
             iss (a_      'Is
          _) ja (mai      dZa#
          _) jere (C      dZEr@
          _) jes (ui      dZEz
+         _) jiha (d      dZI2hA:
          _) joa (n@      dZoU'a
          n) j (a_        j
             j (ü         j
             per (fec     p3
          _) per (iC@@    p,Er
          _) perini       pErIn'i:
-            per (iph     p3r
+         _) per (iph     p3r
          _) per (isc     pEr
          _) per (ish     pEr
             perme (a     p3:mI
          _) re (i@P2     r,i:
          _) rei (c       raI
          _) rei (l       raI
-         _) rei (s       raI
+         _) reis         raIz
          _) re (iss      r%i:
          _) rele (g      rElI2
             rele (nt     rI2lE
          _) zs (Y        z
          _) z (wY        z
 
+         n) z (_         ts
          @) zales (_     z'A:l@s
             zei          zaI
             zes (_       zI2z
 //	ñ	nj
 	ñ	_^_ES
 
+     _) ʻ (A    ?   // arabic
 
             '
             !           _:Ekskl@meIS@n_:

dictsource/hu_list

 _¡	AlSo:indEks
 
 
+// Alphabets
+_ar	'AR2Ab
+_cry	ts'iR2ill
+_he	h'e:bER2
+
+
 // Main Exceptions List
 //=====================
 

dictsource/nl_list

 Vlaander	$alt
 
 
+// -s is not a suffix
+as		$alt
+bres		$alt
+chaos		$alt $1
+es		$alt
+fles		$alt
+fris		$alt
+glas		$alt
+mes		$alt
+moeras		$alt
+was		$alt // gewas
+
+// -s, just remove 's' from the plural
+charges		$alt2
+curves		$alt2
+droogtes	$alt2
+groeves		$alt2
+hoeves		$alt2
+reserves	$alt2
+marges		$alt2
+marge		mArZ@
 
 // words where -age  is [a:Q@] not French ['a:Z@]
 drage		$alt
 moesel		muz@l
 vondel		$alt
 
-// -s is not plural
-chaos		xa:Os
-
 // all words on _aard are treated as suffix in the rules.
 
 

dictsource/nl_rules

           m) ach (in      %a:S
           _) af (C@P2     'Af
           _) affich       %AfiS
-             age (_N      'a:Z@
+             age (_       'a:Z@
              ages (_S1    s
              age (_$w_alt a:Q@
              aille (_     'Aj@
           @) ant (e_      'Ant
           @) ant (en_     'Ant
           @) ant (er_     'Ant
+          @) ares (_      a:r'Es
              aris (_      'a:rIs
              arissen (_   'a:rIs@n
              a (tor_      'a:
           @) ent (st_     'Ent
           @) ent (ste_    'Ent
          ag) ent          'Ent
-         @j) es (_        @s
+         @j) es (_S1       s
+         @z) es (_S1      s  
           @) es (_S2qd    'Es   // double the previous vowel
+          @) es (_$w_alt2S1 s   // just remove 's'
         KAC) es (_S2e     @s
           @) essen (_S5qd 'Es@n
           @) eres (_S4qd  @r'Es
           _) in (C@P2     'In
 //        _) in (gP2      'In
              io (nage     iO
+             io (de_       i'o:
+             iodes (_      i'o:d@s
+             is (_        Is
           @) isch (_      =is
           @) ische (_     =is@
           @) isme (_      'Ism@
             management    ma:nIdZm@nt
          _) mee (@P3      m'e:
             menu (_       m@ny
+         _) mi (cro       mi
          _) mi (s@        m%I
          _) mis (anC      miz
          _) mis (commP3   m'Is
           _) openings (P8 'o:p@nINs
           _) op (era      'o:p
           _) op (tion     Op
+             os (_        Os
              ou (che_     u
              ouch (en_    uS
           d) ou (blu      u
              sj           S
           @) sje (_       sj@
           @) s (_S1       s
+          @) s (_$w_alt   =s
 
              sc (oop      sk
              sc (opi      sk
              uw (_        yU
 
           _) uit (@P3      'Wyt
+             us (_        8s
              u (sie_      'y
           @) ute (_       'yt
              uu (r_       'y

dictsource/pt_list

 _tld	tS'iU
 ?1 _tld	til
 
+// alphabets
+_ar	'a*aby
+_cyr	si*'ilikU
+_he	eb*'aIkU
+
 
 // character names
 
 da	$u	$nounf
 dos	$u	$nounf
 das	$u	$nounf
-dum	$u
-duma	$u
-duns	$u
-dumas	$u
+dum	$u	$nounf
+duma	$u	$nounf
+duns	$u	$nounf
+dumas	$u	$nounf
 
 em	$u  // in,on,at
 no	nu $u	$nounf
 na	$u	$nounf
-num	$u
-numa	$u
-nuns	$u
-numas	$u
+num	$u	$nounf
+numa	$u	$nounf
+nuns	$u	$nounf
+numas	$u	$nounf
 
 por	$u $nounf	// by,for,through
 pelo	$u $nounf
 ?2	pela	$u $nounf	p'el&
 
-ao	$u
+ao	$u	$nounf
 à	,a:
 à	$atend $atstart $accent
-aos	$u
-às	,a:s
+aos	$u	$nounf
+às	,a:s	$nounf
 
 para	$u		// for,to
 pro	$u	$nounf
-pra	$u
-pros	$u
-pras	$u
-prò	$u
-prà	$u
-pròs	$u
-pràs	$u
+pra	$u	$nounf
+pros	$u	$nounf
+pras	$u	$nounf
+prò	$u	$nounf
+prà	$u	$nounf
+pròs	$u	$nounf
+pràs	$u	$nounf
 
 com	$u		// with
 ?2	sem		// without
 austera		$alt
 austero		$alt
 autora		$alt2
+avesso	$alt2
 axé		aSE
 baqueta		$alt2
 beco		$alt2
 catorze		$alt2
 cebola		$alt2
 cefaleia	$alt
+cerca	$alt
+cerca	$alt2 $noun
 cerco		$alt $verb
 cesta		$alt2
 cesto		$alt2

dictsource/pt_rules

  _vend) e (L06_    e
 respond) e (L06_   e         // cor-
 _aborrec) e (L07_  e
+_rejuvenec) e (L07_   e
 _adoec) e (L07_    e
 _amanhec) e (L07_  e
 _anoitec) e (L07_  e
  padec) e (L07_    e         // com-
  parec) e (L07_    e         // a- rea- com- desa-
 preend) e (L07_    e         // sur- com-
+_perec) e (L07_   e
 respond) e (L07_   e         // cor-
   torc) e (L07_    e         // con-
   venc) e (L07_    e         // con-
   _alb) e (rguL02_ E
   _enx) e (rguL02_ E
   _bez) e (rrL03_  e
+  _rejuven) e (çL03_   e
   _inv) e (rtL03_  e
     _f) e (rvL03_  e
     _p) e (scL03_  E

phsource/compile_report

 
-86 phoneme tables
+87 phoneme tables
           new total
     base 109  109
 consonants  10  118
       no  28  134
       is  42  141
       vi  53  147
+  vi-hue   8  147
      zhy  41  138
       zh  64  155
       sw   9  110
 envelope/i_risefall  [11] zh
 envelope/i_risefall2  [+2] rw
 envelope/p_214  [5] vi
+                [5] vi-hue
                 [214] zh
 envelope/p_512  [6] vi
+                [4] vi-hue
+                [6] vi-hue
                 [+] pa
 envelope/p_fall  [2] vi
                 [7] vi
+                [2] vi-hue
                 [4] zhy
                 [7] zhy
                 [21] zh
                 [+] rw
 envelope/p_fallrise  [4] vi
 envelope/p_level  [1] vi
+                [1] vi-hue
+                [7] vi-hue
                 [1] zhy
                 [3] zhy
                 [6] zhy
                 [55] zh
 envelope/p_rise  [3] vi
+                [3] vi-hue
                 [2] zhy
                 [5] zhy
                 [44] zh
                 [35] zh
 envelope/vi_5amp  [5] vi
+                [5] vi-hue
 envelope/vi_6amp  [6] vi
+                [2] vi-hue
+                [6] vi-hue
 g2/xg           [gh] hi
 g/g             [g] base
                 [g-] en
                 [l/] fr
 l/l_@           [l/3] base
                 [l/] fr
-l/l@            [h6s] base
+l/l@            [h6r] base
                 [l#] base
                 [l] fr
                 [l/2] fr
 l/L2_uL         [l/2] base
 l/l_3           [l/] de
 l/l_4           [ll] sq
-l/la            [h6s] base
+l/la            [h6r] base
                 [l#] base
                 [l] fr
                 [l/2] fr
                 [K] tn
 l/l_a           [l/3] base
                 [l/] fr
-l/le            [h6s] base
+l/le            [h6r] base
                 [l#] base
                 [l] fr
                 [l/2] fr
                 [&:] af
 l/l_front       [L] sq
 l/l_front_      [l/4] sq
-l/li            [h6s] base
+l/li            [h6r] base
                 [l#] base
                 [l] fr
                 [l/2] fr
 ll/_ll          [L] base
 l/l_long        [l] base
                 [l] fr
-l/lo            [h6s] base
+l/lo            [h6r] base
                 [l#] base
                 [l/2] fr
                 [K] nso
                 [l;] lt
                 [l] ru
                 [l^] ru
-l/lu            [h6s] base
+l/lu            [h6r] base
                 [l#] base
                 [l] fr
                 [l/2] fr
                 [A~] fr
                 [A~] ht
 vnasal/a#_n     [&~] pt
+vnasal/a#_n2    [&~] pt
 vnasal/a#u_n    [&U~] pt
                 [&U~] pt-pt
                 [o#] vi
 vnasal/V_n      [V~] hi
 vnasal/W_n      [E~] fr
                 [W~] fr
-                [&~] pt
                 [E~] ht
 voc/bh          [B] base
 voc/dh          [D] base

phsource/ph_english_us

   vls alv stop
   voicingswitch d
   lengthmod 2
+  Vowelin f1=0  f2=1700 -300 300  f3=-100 80
+  Vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 250  f3=-100 80  rms=20
 
-//  IF prevPhW(isVowel) OR prevPhW(n) THEN
-  IF prevPhW(isVowel) THEN   // test, don't reduce [t] after [n]
-    IF nextPhW(isVowel) AND nextPh(isUnstressed) THEN
-      IF next2Ph(n) AND next2Ph(notWordStart) THEN
-      ELSE
-        ChangePhoneme(t#)
-      ENDIF
+  IF nextPhW(isVowel) AND nextPh(isUnstressed) AND NOT next2PhW(n) THEN
+    IF prevPhW(isVowel) THEN
+      ChangePhoneme(t#)
+    ELIF prevPhW(n) THEN
+      WAV(ustop/t, 60)
     ENDIF
   ENDIF
 
-  Vowelin f1=0  f2=1700 -300 300  f3=-100 80
-  Vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 250  f3=-100 80  rms=20
-
   IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
     WAV(ustop/t_)
   ELIF nextPh(r) OR nextPh(R) OR nextPh(R2) THEN

phsource/ph_pt_brazil

   ipa ɐU+0303
   length 180
   IF thisPh(isFinalVowel) THEN
-    FMT(vnasal/W_n)
+    FMT(vnasal/a#_n2)
   ELSE
     FMT(vnasal/a#_n)
   ENDIF

phsource/phonemes

 phonemetable vi base
 include ph_vietnam
 
+phonemetable vi-hue vi
+include ph_vietnam_hue
+
 phonemetable zhy base
 include ph_zh_yue
 

src/compiledata.cpp

 
 
 
+static int NextItemMax(int max)
+{//==============================
+// Get a number, but restrict value to max
+    int value;
+    char msg[80];
+
+    value = NextItem(tNUMBER);
+    if(value > max)
+    {
+        sprintf(msg, "Value %d is greater than maximum %d", value, max);
+        error(msg, NULL);
+        value = max;
+    }
+    return(value);
+}
+
+
+
 static int NextItemBrackets(int type, int control)
 {//===============================================
 // Expect a parameter inside parantheses
 				break;
 
 			case i_PAUSE_BEFORE:
-				value = NextItem(tNUMBER);
+				value = NextItemMax(255);
 				*prog_out++ = (i_PAUSE_BEFORE << 8) + value;
 				break;
 
 			case i_PAUSE_AFTER:
-				value = NextItem(tNUMBER);
+				value = NextItemMax(255);
 				*prog_out++ = (i_PAUSE_AFTER << 8) + value;
 				break;
 
 			case i_SET_LENGTH:
-				value = NextItem(tNUMBER);
+				value = NextItemMax(511);
 				if(after_if == 0)
 				{
 					phoneme_out->std_length = value/2;

src/dictionary.cpp

 	int  ix;
 	unsigned int  digit_count=0;
 	char *p;
+	ALPHABET *alphabet;
 	int  dict_flags0=0;
 	MatchRecord match1;
 	MatchRecord match2;
 							match1.points = 1;
 							p += (wc_bytes-1);
 						}
+
+						if(((alphabet = AlphabetFromChar(letter)) != NULL) && (alphabet->language != 0) && (alphabet->offset != tr->letter_bits_offset))
+						{
+						    // switch to the nominated language for this alphabet
+                            sprintf(phonemes,"%c%s",phonSWITCH, WordToString2(alphabet->language));
+                            return(0);
+						}
 					}
 				}
 

src/numbers.cpp

 	int letter;
 	int len;
 	int ix;
-	int save_option_phonemes;
 	char *p2;
 	char *pbuf;
+	ALPHABET *alphabet;
+	int language;
+    int phontab_1;
 	char capital[20];
 	char ph_buf[80];
 	char ph_buf2[80];
+	char ph_alphabet[80];
 	char hexbuf[6];
 
 	ph_buf[0] = 0;
+	ph_alphabet[0] = 0;
 	capital[0] = 0;
 
 	n_bytes = utf8_in(&letter,word);
 		return(0);
 	}
 
+#ifdef deleted
 	if((ph_buf[0] == 0) && (tr->translator_name != L('e','n')))
 	{
 		// speak as English, check whether there is a translation for this character
 			return(0);
 		}
 	}
+#endif
+
+    alphabet = AlphabetFromChar(letter);
+    if(alphabet != current_alphabet)
+    {
+        current_alphabet = alphabet;
+        if((alphabet != NULL) && !(alphabet->flags & AL_DONT_NAME))
+        {
+            if(Lookup(translator, alphabet->name, ph_alphabet) == 0)  // the original language for the current voice
+            {
+                // Can't find the local name for this alphabet, use the English name
+                phontab_1 = tr->phoneme_tab_ix;
+                ph_alphabet[2] = SetTranslator2("en");   // overwrites previous contents of translator2
+                if(Lookup(translator2, alphabet->name, &ph_alphabet[3]) != 0)
+                {
+                    ph_alphabet[0] = phonPAUSE;
+                    ph_alphabet[1] = phonSWITCH;
+                    len = strlen(&ph_alphabet[3]) + 3;
+                    ph_alphabet[len] = phonSWITCH;  // switch back
+                    ph_alphabet[len+1] = phontab_1;
+                    ph_alphabet[len+2] = 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+// caution: SetWordStress() etc don't expect phonSWITCH + phoneme table number
+	if(ph_buf[0] == 0)
+	{
+	    if((alphabet != NULL) && (alphabet->language != 0) && !(alphabet->flags & AL_NOT_LETTERS))
+            language = alphabet->language;
+        else
+            language = L('e','n');
+
+        if(language != tr->translator_name)
+        {
+            // speak in the language for this alphabet (or English)
+            ph_buf[2] = SetTranslator2(WordToString2(language));
+            LookupLetter(translator2, letter, word[n_bytes], &ph_buf[3], control & 1);
+
+            if(ph_buf[3] == phonSWITCH)
+            {
+                // another level of language change
+                ph_buf[2] = SetTranslator2(&ph_buf[4]);
+                LookupLetter(translator2, letter, word[n_bytes], &ph_buf[3], control & 1);
+            }
+
+            SelectPhonemeTable(voice->phoneme_tab_ix);  // revert to original phoneme table
+
+            if(ph_buf[3] != 0)
+            {
+                ph_buf[0] = phonPAUSE;
+                ph_buf[1] = phonSWITCH;
+                len = strlen(&ph_buf[3]) + 3;
+                ph_buf[len] = phonSWITCH;  // switch back
+                ph_buf[len+1] = tr->phoneme_tab_ix;
+                ph_buf[len+2] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+	}
 
 	if(ph_buf[0] == 0)
 	{
 	}
 
 	len = strlen(phonemes);
+
 	if(tr->langopts.accents & 2)
-		sprintf(ph_buf2,"%c%s%s",0xff,ph_buf,capital);
+		sprintf(ph_buf2,"%c%s%s%s",0xff,ph_alphabet,ph_buf,capital);
 	else
-		sprintf(ph_buf2,"%c%s%s",0xff,capital,ph_buf);  // the 0xff marker will be removed or replaced in SetSpellingStress()
+		sprintf(ph_buf2,"%c%s%s%s",0xff,ph_alphabet,capital,ph_buf);  // the 0xff marker will be removed or replaced in SetSpellingStress()
 	if((len + strlen(ph_buf2)) < N_WORD_PHONEMES)
 	{
 		strcpy(&phonemes[len],ph_buf2);
 	int ix;
 	unsigned int c;
 	int n_stress=0;
+	int prev = 0;
 	int count;
 	unsigned char buf[N_WORD_PHONEMES];
 
 	for(ix=0; (c = phonemes[ix]) != 0; ix++)
 	{
-		if(c == phonSTRESS_P)
+		if((c == phonSTRESS_P) && (prev != phonSWITCH))
 		{
 			n_stress++;
 		}
-		buf[ix] = c;
+		buf[ix] = prev = c;
 	}
 	buf[ix] = 0;
 
 	count = 0;
+	prev = 0;
 	for(ix=0; (c = buf[ix]) != 0; ix++)
 	{
-		if((c == phonSTRESS_P) && (n_chars > 1))
+		if((c == phonSTRESS_P) && (n_chars > 1) && (prev != phonSWITCH))
 		{
 			count++;
 
 				c = phonPAUSE_NOLINK;  // pause following a primary stress
 			else
 				c = phonPAUSE_VSHORT;
-//			else
-//				continue;       // remove marker
 		}
-		*phonemes++ = c;
+		*phonemes++ = prev = c;
 	}
 	if(control >= 2)
 		*phonemes++ = phonPAUSE_NOLINK;

src/readclause.cpp

 /***************************************************************************
- *   Copyright (C) 2005 to 2011 by Jonathan Duddington                     *
+ *   Copyright (C) 2005 to 2013 by Jonathan Duddington                     *
  *   email: [email protected]                                    *
  *                                                                         *
  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
 static int end_of_input;
 
 static int ignore_text=0;   // set during <sub> ... </sub>  to ignore text which has been replaced by an alias
-static int audio_text=0;    // set during <audio> ... </audio> 
+static int audio_text=0;    // set during <audio> ... </audio>
 static int clear_skipping_text = 0;  // next clause should clear the skipping_text flag
 int count_characters = 0;
 static int sayas_mode;
   0xff1a,  // fullwidth colon
   0xff1b,  // fullwidth semicolon
   0xff1f,  // fullwidth question mark
-  
+
   0};
 
 
 			end_of_input = 1;
 			return(0);
 		}
-	
+
 		if(!end_of_input)
 		{
 			if(option_multibyte == espeakCHARS_16BIT)
 }
 
 
-static const char *WordToString2(unsigned int word)
-{//================================================
+const char *WordToString2(unsigned int word)
+{//============================================
 // Convert a language mnemonic word into a string
 	int  ix;
 	static char buf[5];
 
 	if(attributes & CLAUSE_BIT_SENTENCE)
 		return(attributes);
-	
+
 	return(short_pause);
 }  //  end of AnnouncePunctuation
 
 				}
 				p += (strlen(p) + 1);
 			}
-			
+
 			if(voice_name_specified == 0)
 				voice_name[0] = 0;  // forget a previous voice name if a language is specified
 		}
 static int attrcmp(const wchar_t *string1, const char *string2)
 {//============================================================
 	int  ix;
-	
+
 	if(string1 == NULL)
 		return(1);
 
 	}
 	if(*pw == '-')
 	{
-		pw++;	
+		pw++;
 		sign = -1;
 	}
 	value = (double)wcstod(pw,&tail);
 			age = GetSsmlAttribute(pw,"age");
 			gender = GetSsmlAttribute(pw,"gender");
 		}
-	
+
 		if((tag_type != SSML_VOICE) && (lang==NULL))
 			return(0);  // <s> or <p> without language spec, nothing to do
-	
+
 		ssml_sp = &ssml_stack[n_ssml_stack++];
 
 		attrcopy_utf8(ssml_sp->language,lang,sizeof(ssml_sp->language));
 	{"underscore ", 0xe05f},
 	{"double-quote ", '"'},
 	{NULL, 0}};
-	
+
 	int ix;
 	int letter;
 	char *p;
 	int voice_change_flag;
 	wchar_t *px;
 	wchar_t *attr1;
-	wchar_t *attr2; 
+	wchar_t *attr2;
 	wchar_t *attr3;
 	int terminator;
 	char *uri;
 	tag_name[ix] = 0;
 
 	px = &xml_buf[ix];   // the tag's attributes
-	
+
 	if(tag_name[0] == '/')
 	{
 		// closing tag
 					}
 					xml_buf[n_xml_buf] = 0;
 					c2 = ' ';
-	
+
 					self_closing = 0;
 					if(xml_buf[n_xml_buf-1] == '/')
 					{
 						xml_buf[n_xml_buf-1] = ' ';
 						self_closing = 1;
 					}
-		
+
 					terminator = ProcessSsmlTag(xml_buf,buf,ix,n_buf,self_closing);
-		
+
 					if(terminator != 0)
 					{
 						if(end_clause_after_tag)
 
 						buf[ix] = ' ';
 						buf[ix++] = 0;
-		
+
 						if(terminator & CLAUSE_BIT_VOICE)
 						{
 							strcpy(voice_change, current_voice_id);
 			if(iswspace(c1))
 			{
 				char *p_word;
-	
+
 				if(tr->translator_name == 0x6a626f)
 				{
 					// language jbo : lojban
 				// Because of an xml tag, we are waiting for the
 				// next non-blank character to decide whether to end the clause
 				// i.e. is dot followed by an upper-case letter?
-				
+
 				if(!iswspace(c1))
 				{
 					if(!IsAlpha(c1) || !iswlower(c1))
 			if((punct = lookupwchar(punct_chars,c1)) != 0)
 			{
 				punct_data = punct_attributes[punct];
-	
+
 				if(punct_data & PUNCT_IN_WORD)
 				{
 					// Armenian punctuation inside a word
 					announced_punctuation = c1;
 				}
 			}
-	
+
 			if((punct_data & PUNCT_SAY_NAME) && (announced_punctuation == 0))
 			{
 				// used for elipsis (and 3 dots) if a pronunciation for elipsis is given in *_list
 
 					if(c1 == '.')
 					{
-						if((tr->langopts.numbers & NUM_ORDINAL_DOT) && 
+						if((tr->langopts.numbers & NUM_ORDINAL_DOT) &&
 							(iswdigit(cprev) || (IsRomanU(cprev) && (IsRomanU(cprev2) || iswspace(cprev2)))))  // lang=hu
 						{
 							// dot after a number indicates an ordinal number
 						else
 						if(c_next == '\'')
 						{
-							is_end_clause = 0;    // eg. u.s.a.'s 
+							is_end_clause = 0;    // eg. u.s.a.'s
 						}
 						if(iswlower(c_next))
 						{

src/synthdata.cpp

 #include "translate.h"
 #include "wave.h"
 
-const char *version_string = "1.46.37  20.Feb.13";
+const char *version_string = "1.46.38  27.Feb.13";
 const int version_phdata  = 0x014636;
 
 int option_device_number = -1;

src/tr_languages.cpp

 #define OFFSET_GREEK    0x380
 #define OFFSET_CYRILLIC 0x420
 #define OFFSET_ARMENIAN 0x530
+#define OFFSET_HEBREW   0x590
 #define OFFSET_ARABIC   0x600
 #define OFFSET_THAANA   0x780      // Divehi/Maldives
 #define OFFSET_DEVANAGARI  0x900
 #define OFFSET_KANNADA  0xc80
 #define OFFSET_MALAYALAM 0xd00
 #define OFFSET_SINHALA  0x0d80
+#define OFFSET_THAI     0x0e00
+#define OFFSET_LAO      0x0e80
 #define OFFSET_TIBET    0x0f00
-#define OFFSET_GEORGIAN 0x1080
+#define OFFSET_MYANMAR  0x1000
+#define OFFSET_GEORGIAN 0x10a0
 #define OFFSET_KOREAN   0x1100
 #define OFFSET_ETHIOPIC 0x1200
 
 
+ALPHABET alphabets [] = {
+    {"_el",    OFFSET_GREEK,    0x380, 0x3ff,  L('e','l'), AL_DONT_NAME | AL_NOT_LETTERS},
+    {"_cyr",   OFFSET_CYRILLIC, 0x400, 0x52f,  0, 0},
+    {"_hy",    OFFSET_ARMENIAN, 0x530, 0x58f,  L('h','y'), 0},
+    {"_he",    OFFSET_HEBREW,   0x590, 0x5ff,  0, 0},
+    {"_ar",    OFFSET_ARABIC,   0x600, 0x6ff,  0, 0},
+    {"_dv",    OFFSET_THAANA,   0x780, 0x7bf,  0, 0},
+    {"_hi",    OFFSET_DEVANAGARI, 0x900, 0x97f,L('h','i'), 0},
+    {"_bn",    OFFSET_BENGALI,  0x0980, 0x9ff, 0, 0},
+    {"_gur",   OFFSET_GURMUKHI, 0xa00, 0xa7f,  0, 0},
+    {"_gu",    OFFSET_GUJARATI, 0xa80, 0xaff,  0, 0},
+    {"_or",    OFFSET_ORIYA,    0xb00, 0xb7f,  0, 0},
+    {"_ta",    OFFSET_TAMIL,    0xb80, 0xbff,  L('t','a'), 0},
+    {"_te",    OFFSET_TELUGU,   0xc00, 0xc7f,  0, 0},
+    {"_kn",    OFFSET_KANNADA,  0xc80, 0xcff,  L('k','n'), 0},
+    {"_ml",    OFFSET_MALAYALAM,0xd00, 0xd7f,  L('m','l'), 0},
+    {"_si",    OFFSET_SINHALA,  0xd80, 0xdff,  0, 0},
+    {"_th",    OFFSET_THAI,     0xe00, 0xe7f,  0, 0},
+    {"_lo",    OFFSET_LAO,      0xe80, 0xeff,  0, 0},
+    {"_ti",    OFFSET_TIBET,    0xf00, 0xfff,  0, 0},
+    {"_my",    OFFSET_MYANMAR,  0x1000,0x109f, 0, 0},
+    {"_ka",    OFFSET_GEORGIAN, 0x10a0,0x10ff, L('k','a'), 0},
+    {"_ko",    OFFSET_KOREAN,   0x1100,0x11ff, 0, 0},
+    {"_eth",   OFFSET_ETHIOPIC, 0x1200,0x139f, 0, 0},
+    {NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+
+
+ALPHABET *AlphabetFromChar(int c)
+{//===============================
+    // Find the alphabet from a character.
+    ALPHABET *alphabet = alphabets;
+
+    while(alphabet->name != NULL)
+    {
+        if((c >= alphabet->range_min) && (c <= alphabet->range_max))
+        {
+            return(alphabet);
+        }
+        alphabet++;
+    }
+    return(NULL);
+}
+
+
+
 static void Translator_Russian(Translator *tr);
 
 
 {//=====================================================================
 	int bits;
 	unsigned char c;
-	
+
 	bits = (1L << group);
 	while((c = *string++) != 0)
 		tr->letter_bits[c] |= bits;
 
 // common letter pairs, encode these as a single byte
 //  2 bytes, using the transposed character codes
-static const short pairs_ru[] = { 
+static const short pairs_ru[] = {
 0x010c, //  ла   21052  0x23
 0x010e, //  на   18400
 0x0113, //  та   14254
 
 
 
-static const unsigned int replace_cyrillic_latin[] = 
+static const unsigned int replace_cyrillic_latin[] =
 	{0x430,'a',
 	0x431,'b',
 	0x446,'c',
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_DIERESES] = 1;
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_PREFIXES] = 1;
 			SetLetterVowel(tr,'y');  // add 'y' to vowels
-		
+
 			tr->langopts.numbers = NUM_SWAP_TENS | NUM_HUNDRED_AND | NUM_SINGLE_AND | NUM_ROMAN | NUM_1900;
 			tr->langopts.accents = 1;
 		}
 //			tr->langopts.intonation_group = 4;
 
 			// 'diminished' is an unstressed final syllable
-			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x6 | 0x10; 
+			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x6 | 0x10;
 			tr->langopts.unstressed_wd1 = 0;
 			tr->langopts.unstressed_wd2 = 2;
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_SONORANT_MIN] = 120;  // limit the shortening of sonorants before short vowels
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_PREFIXES] = 1;
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_REGRESSIVE_VOICING] = 0x100;  // devoice at end of word
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_LONG_VOWEL_THRESHOLD] = 175/2;
-		
+
 			tr->langopts.numbers = NUM_DECIMAL_COMMA | NUM_SWAP_TENS | NUM_ALLOW_SPACE | NUM_ORDINAL_DOT | NUM_ROMAN;
 //			tr->langopts.numbers = NUM_DECIMAL_COMMA | NUM_SWAP_TENS | NUM_OMIT_1_HUNDRED | NUM_OMIT_1_THOUSAND | NUM_ALLOW_SPACE | NUM_ORDINAL_DOT | NUM_ROMAN;
 			SetLetterVowel(tr,'y');
 			tr->langopts.stress_rule = STRESSPOSN_1L;
 			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x10004;   // use 'diminished' for unstressed final syllable
 			SetLetterBitsRange(tr,LETTERGP_B,0x26,0x30);   // vowel signs, and virama
-			tr->langopts.break_numbers = 0x14a8;  // 1000, 100,000  10,000,000 
+			tr->langopts.break_numbers = 0x14a8;  // 1000, 100,000  10,000,000
 			tr->langopts.numbers = 1;
 		}
 		break;
 			// character codes offset by 0x380
 			static const char el_vowels[] = {0x10,0x2c,0x2d,0x2e,0x2f,0x30,0x31,0x35,0x37,0x39,0x3f,0x45,0x49,0x4a,0x4b,0x4c,0x4d,0x4e,0x4f,0};
 			static const char el_fvowels[] = {0x2d,0x2e,0x2f,0x35,0x37,0x39,0x45,0x4d,0}; // ε η ι υ  έ ή ί ύ
-			static const char el_voiceless[]= {0x38,0x3a,0x3e,0x40,0x42,0x43,0x44,0x46,0x47,0};  // θ κ ξ π ς σ τ φ χ 
+			static const char el_voiceless[]= {0x38,0x3a,0x3e,0x40,0x42,0x43,0x44,0x46,0x47,0};  // θ κ ξ π ς σ τ φ χ
 			static const char el_consonants[]={0x32,0x33,0x34,0x36,0x38,0x3a,0x3b,0x3c,0x3d,0x3e,0x40,0x41,0x42,0x43,0x44,0x46,0x47,0x48,0};
 			static const wchar_t el_char_apostrophe[] = {0x3c3,0};  // σ
 
 			tr->langopts.unstressed_wd2 = 2;
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_SONORANT_MIN] = 130;  // limit the shortening of sonorants before short vowels
 
-			tr->langopts.numbers = NUM_SINGLE_STRESS | NUM_DECIMAL_COMMA; 
+			tr->langopts.numbers = NUM_SINGLE_STRESS | NUM_DECIMAL_COMMA;
 			tr->langopts.numbers2 = 0x2 | NUM2_MULTIPLE_ORDINAL;   // variant form of numbers before thousands
 
 			if(name2 == L_grc)
 			static const short stress_lengths_eo[8] = {150, 150,  230, 180,    0,   0,  300, 320};
 			static const unsigned char stress_amps_eo[] = {16,14, 20,20, 20,22, 22,21 };
 			static const wchar_t eo_char_apostrophe[2] = {'l',0};
-		
+
 			SetupTranslator(tr,stress_lengths_eo,stress_amps_eo);
 
 			tr->charset_a0 = charsets[3];  // ISO-8859-3
 //			tr->langopts.word_gap = 1;
 			tr->langopts.vowel_pause = 2;
 			tr->langopts.stress_rule = STRESSPOSN_2R;
-			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x6 | 0x10; 
+			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x6 | 0x10;
 //			tr->langopts.unstressed_wd1 = 3;
 			tr->langopts.unstressed_wd2 = 2;
 
 
 			// stress last syllable if it doesn't end in vowel or "s" or "n"
 			// 'diminished' is an unstressed final syllable
-			tr->langopts.stress_flags = 0x200 | 0x6 | 0x10; 
+			tr->langopts.stress_flags = 0x200 | 0x6 | 0x10;
 			tr->langopts.unstressed_wd1 = 0;
 			tr->langopts.unstressed_wd2 = 2;
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_SONORANT_MIN] = 120;  // limit the shortening of sonorants before short vowels
 
 			tr->langopts.numbers = NUM_SINGLE_STRESS | NUM_DECIMAL_COMMA | NUM_AND_UNITS | NUM_OMIT_1_HUNDRED | NUM_OMIT_1_THOUSAND | NUM_ROMAN | NUM_ROMAN_AFTER;
-			tr->langopts.numbers2 = NUM2_MULTIPLE_ORDINAL; 
+			tr->langopts.numbers2 = NUM2_MULTIPLE_ORDINAL;
 
 			if(name2 == L('c','a'))
 			{
 			else
 			if(name2 == L('a','n'))
 			{
-				tr->langopts.stress_flags = 0x200 | 0x6 | 0x10; 
+				tr->langopts.stress_flags = 0x200 | 0x6 | 0x10;
 			}
 			else
 			if(name2 == L_pap)
 			tr->charset_a0 = charsets[2];   // ISO-8859-2
 
 			tr->langopts.stress_rule = STRESSPOSN_1L;
-			tr->langopts.stress_flags = 0x10;  
+			tr->langopts.stress_flags = 0x10;
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_REGRESSIVE_VOICING] = 0x3;
  			tr->langopts.max_initial_consonants = 5;
 			tr->langopts.spelling_stress = 1;
 			SetupTranslator(tr,stress_lengths_id,stress_amps_id);
 			tr->langopts.stress_rule = STRESSPOSN_2R;
 			tr->langopts.numbers = NUM_DECIMAL_COMMA | NUM_ALLOW_SPACE | NUM_ROMAN;
-			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x6 | 0x10; 
+			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x6 | 0x10;
 			tr->langopts.accents = 2;  // "capital" after letter name
 		}
 		break;
 
 			tr->langopts.length_mods0 = tr->langopts.length_mods;  // don't lengthen vowels in the last syllable
 			tr->langopts.stress_rule = STRESSPOSN_2R;
-			tr->langopts.stress_flags = 0x10 | 0x20000; 
+			tr->langopts.stress_flags = 0x10 | 0x20000;
 			tr->langopts.vowel_pause = 1;
 			tr->langopts.unstressed_wd1 = 2;
 			tr->langopts.unstressed_wd2 = 2;
 		{
 			static const unsigned char stress_amps_tr[8] = {18,16, 20,21, 20,21, 21,20 };
 			static const short stress_lengths_tr[8] = {190,180, 230,230, 0,0, 250,250};
- 
+
 			tr->letter_bits_offset = OFFSET_CYRILLIC;
 			memset(tr->letter_bits,0,sizeof(tr->letter_bits));
 			SetLetterBits(tr,LETTERGP_A,(char *)ru_vowels);
 			tr->langopts.length_mods0 = tr->langopts.length_mods;  // don't lengthen vowels in the last syllable
 
 			tr->langopts.stress_rule = STRESSPOSN_1R;        // stress on final syllable
-			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x6 | 0x10 | 0x2000 | 0x20000; 
+			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x6 | 0x10 | 0x2000 | 0x20000;
 			tr->langopts.numbers = NUM_DECIMAL_COMMA | NUM_DFRACTION_2 | NUM_HUNDRED_AND | NUM_AND_UNITS | NUM_ROMAN;
-			tr->langopts.numbers2 = NUM2_MULTIPLE_ORDINAL | NUM2_NO_TEEN_ORDINALS; 
+			tr->langopts.numbers2 = NUM2_MULTIPLE_ORDINAL | NUM2_NO_TEEN_ORDINALS;
 			SetLetterVowel(tr,'y');
 			ResetLetterBits(tr,0x2);
 			SetLetterBits(tr,1,"bcdfgjkmnpqstvxz");      // B  hard consonants, excluding h,l,r,w,y
 			tr->charset_a0 = charsets[2];   // ISO-8859-2
 
 			tr->langopts.stress_rule = STRESSPOSN_1L;
-			tr->langopts.stress_flags = 0x16;  
+			tr->langopts.stress_flags = 0x16;
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_REGRESSIVE_VOICING] = 0x3;
  			tr->langopts.max_initial_consonants = 5;
 			tr->langopts.spelling_stress = 1;
 			memset(tr->letter_bits,0,sizeof(tr->letter_bits));
 			SetLetterBitsRange(tr,LETTERGP_A,0x05,0x16);   // vowel letters
 			SetLetterBitsRange(tr,LETTERGP_A,0x4a,0x73);   // + vowel signs, and virama
-		
+
 			SetLetterBitsRange(tr,LETTERGP_B,0x4a,0x73);   // vowel signs, and virama
-		
+
 			SetLetterBitsRange(tr,LETTERGP_C,0x1a,0x46);   // the main consonant range
-		
+
 			tr->langopts.param[LOPT_UNPRONOUNCABLE] = 1;   // disable check for unpronouncable words
 			tr->langopts.suffix_add_e = tr->letter_bits_offset + 0x4a;   //virama
 			tr->langopts.numbers =  NUM_OMIT_1_THOUSAND | NUM_SINGLE_STRESS_L | NUM_DFRACTION_7;
 			SetupTranslator(tr,stress_lengths_sq,stress_amps_sq);
 
 			tr->langopts.stress_rule = STRESSPOSN_2R;
-			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x16 + 0x100; 
+			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x16 + 0x100;
 			SetLetterVowel(tr,'y');
 			tr->langopts.numbers = NUM_DECIMAL_COMMA | NUM_HUNDRED_AND | NUM_AND_UNITS | NUM_DFRACTION_4;
 			tr->langopts.accents = 2;  // "capital" after letter name
 
 			tr->langopts.vowel_pause = 1;
 			tr->langopts.stress_rule = STRESSPOSN_2R;
-			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x6 | 0x10; 
+			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x6 | 0x10;
 
 			tr->langopts.numbers = NUM_AND_UNITS | NUM_HUNDRED_AND | NUM_SINGLE_AND | NUM_OMIT_1_HUNDRED;
 			tr->langopts.break_numbers = 0x49249268;  // for languages which have numbers for 100,000 and 1,000,000
 			tr->langopts.stress_rule = STRESSPOSN_1L;
 			tr->langopts.stress_flags =  0x10004;   // use 'diminished' for unstressed final syllable
 			tr->langopts.spelling_stress = 1;
-			tr->langopts.break_numbers = 0x14a8;  // 1000, 100,000  10,000,000 
+			tr->langopts.break_numbers = 0x14a8;  // 1000, 100,000  10,000,000
 
 			if(name2 == L('t','a'))
 			{
                 /*2*/        {'o', '8', '8',                 'o', '8', '8'},                // O
                 /*3*/        {'i', 'I', 'i',                 'a', 'I', 'a'},                // I  Uses 3,4,5 columns.
                 /*4*/        {'i', PH('I','#'), 'i',         'i', PH('I','#'), 'i'},        // I#
-                /*5*/        {'E', PH('E','#'), 'E',         'e', PH('E','#'), 'e'},        // E# 
+                /*5*/        {'E', PH('E','#'), 'E',         'e', PH('E','#'), 'e'},        // E#
                 /*6*/        {'E', PH('E','2'), 'E',         'e', PH('E','2'), 'e'},        // E2  Uses 3,4,5 columns.
                 /*7*/        {PH('j','a'), 'V', PH('j','a'), 'A', 'V', 'A'},                // V#
                 /*8*/        {PH('j','a'), 'I', PH('j','a'), 'e', 'I', 'e'},                // I3 Uses 3,4,5 columns.

src/translate.cpp

 static int max_clause_pause = 0;
 static int any_stressed_words;
 int pre_pause;
+ALPHABET *current_alphabet;
 
 
 // these were previously in translator class
 	unpron_phonemes[0] = 0;
 	prefix_phonemes[0] = 0;
 	end_phonemes[0] = 0;
+    current_alphabet = NULL;
 
 	if(tr->data_dictlist == NULL)
 	{
 
 	spell_word = 0;
 
+	if((word_length == 1) && (wflags & FLAG_TRANSLATOR2))
+	{
+	    // retranslating a 1-character word using a different language, say its name
+	    spell_word = 1;
+	}
+
 	if(option_sayas == SAYAS_KEY)
 	{
 		if(word_length == 1)
 				return(FLAG_SPELLWORD);  // a mixture of languages, retranslate as individual letters, separated by spaces
 			return(0);
 		}
+		strcpy(word_phonemes, phonemes);
+		return(0);  // ??
 	}
 	else
 	if(found == 0)
 				if(strcmp(&unpron_phonemes[1],"en")==0)
 					return(FLAG_SPELLWORD);   // _^_en must have been set in TranslateLetter(), not *_rules
 				return(0);
-			}
+        }
 
 #ifdef deleted
 			p = &wordx[word_length-3];    // this looks wrong.  Doesn't consider multi-byte chars.
 					{
 						return(0);
 					}
+					strcpy(word_phonemes, phonemes);
+					return(0);
 				}
 			}
 
 				new_phoneme_tab = -1;
 				translator2_language[0] = 0;
 			}
+			translator2->phoneme_tab_ix = new_phoneme_tab;
 		}
 	}
 	return(new_phoneme_tab);
 			if(switch_phonemes >= 0)
 			{
 				// re-translate the word using the new translator
+				wtab[0].flags |= FLAG_TRANSLATOR2;
 				flags = TranslateWord(translator2, word, next_pause, wtab);
 //				strcpy((char *)p,translator2->word_phonemes);
 				if(p[0] == phonSWITCH)
 				{
 					// the second translator doesn't want to process this word
-					switch_phonemes = -1;
+//					switch_phonemes = -1;
+return(FLAG_SPELLWORD);
 				}
 			}
 			if(switch_phonemes < 0)
 	if(switch_phonemes >= 0)
 	{
 		// this word uses a different phoneme table
-		SetPlist2(&ph_list2[n_ph_list2],phonSWITCH);
-		ph_list2[n_ph_list2++].tone_ph = switch_phonemes;  // temporary phoneme table number
+		if(ph_list2[n_ph_list2-1].phcode == phonSWITCH)
+		{
+		    //previous phoneme is also a phonSWITCH, just change its phoneme table number
+            n_ph_list2--;
+		}
+        else
+        {
+            SetPlist2(&ph_list2[n_ph_list2],phonSWITCH);
+        }
+        ph_list2[n_ph_list2++].tone_ph = switch_phonemes;  // temporary phoneme table number
 	}
 
 	// remove initial pause from a word if it follows a hyphen
 			ph_list2[n_ph_list2].phcode = ph_code;
 			ph_list2[n_ph_list2].sourceix = 0;
 			ph_list2[n_ph_list2].synthflags = embedded_flag;
-			ph_list2[n_ph_list2++].tone_ph = *p++;
+			ph_list2[n_ph_list2++].tone_ph = *p;
+            SelectPhonemeTable(*p);
+            p++;
 		}
 		else
 		if(ph->type == phSTRESS)

src/translate.h

 #define FLAG_INDIVIDUAL_DIGITS 0x80000  // speak number as individual digits
 #define FLAG_DELETE_WORD     0x100000   // don't speak this word, it has been spoken as part of the previous word
 #define FLAG_CHAR_REPLACED   0x200000   // characters have been replaced by .replace in the *_rules
+#define FLAG_TRANSLATOR2     0x400000   // retranslating using a different language
 
 #define FLAG_SUFFIX_VOWEL  0x08000000   // remember an initial vowel from the suffix
 #define FLAG_NO_TRACE      0x10000000   // passed to TranslateRules() to suppress dictionary lookup printout
 extern const int param_defaults[N_SPEECH_PARAM];
 
 
+typedef struct {
+    const char *name;
+    int offset;
+    unsigned short range_min, range_max;
+    int language;
+    int flags;
+} ALPHABET;
+
+extern ALPHABET alphabets[];
+extern ALPHABET *current_alphabet;
+// alphabet flags
+#define AL_DONT_NAME  0x01    // don't speak the alphabet name
+#define AL_NOT_LETTERS  0x02  // don't use the language for speaking letters
+#define AL_NOT_WORDS  0x04    // don't use the language to speak words
+
 
 #define N_LOPTS      21
 #define LOPT_DIERESES        1
 int isspace2(unsigned int c);
 int towlower2(unsigned int c);
 void GetTranslatedPhonemeString(char *phon_out, int n_phon_out, int use_ipa);
+const char *WordToString2(unsigned int word);
+ALPHABET *AlphabetFromChar(int c);
 
 Translator *SelectTranslator(const char *name);
 int SetTranslator2(const char *name);