| - [Vowels](#vowels) | - [Vowels](#vowels) | ||||
| - [Diacritics](#diacritics) | - [Diacritics](#diacritics) | ||||
| - [Articulation](#articulation) | - [Articulation](#articulation) | ||||
| - [Features](#features) | |||||
| - [Air Flow](#air-flow) | - [Air Flow](#air-flow) | ||||
| - [Features](#features) | |||||
| - [Phonation](#phonation) | - [Phonation](#phonation) | ||||
| - [Place of Articulation](#place-of-articulation) | - [Place of Articulation](#place-of-articulation) | ||||
| - [Active Articulators](#active-articulators) | - [Active Articulators](#active-articulators) | ||||
| using the features of their new location in the consonant or vowel charts, not | using the features of their new location in the consonant or vowel charts, not | ||||
| using the features of the base phoneme. | using the features of the base phoneme. | ||||
| ## Features | |||||
| ### Air Flow | ### Air Flow | ||||
| | Feature | Symbol | Name | | | Feature | Symbol | Name | | ||||
| They only need to be used when the air flow is different to the base IPA | They only need to be used when the air flow is different to the base IPA | ||||
| phoneme (e.g. using ↓ on pulmonic consonants). | phoneme (e.g. using ↓ on pulmonic consonants). | ||||
| ## Features | |||||
| ### Phonation | ### Phonation | ||||
| The phonation features describe the degree to which the glottis (vocal chords) are open or closed. | The phonation features describe the degree to which the glottis (vocal chords) are open or closed. |